PMID- 27185538
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170619
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 1097-0010 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-5142 (Linking)
VI  - 97
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Feb
TI  - Food safety in Thailand. 3: Pesticide residues detected in mangosteen (Garcinia 
      mangostana L.), queen of fruits.
PG  - 832-840
LID - 10.1002/jsfa.7804 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: For developing countries like Thailand, regulation of pesticide usage 
      exists, but it is not fully enforced. Therefore, pesticide residues in vegetables 
      and fruits have not been well monitored. This study aimed to determine the 
      pesticide residues in mangosteen fruits sold in Thailand. The mangosteen samples 
      (n = 111) were purchased and the contents of 28 pesticides were analysed by 
      GC-MS/MS method. RESULTS: Of the pesticides tested, eight were found in 100% of 
      the mangosteen samples. However, in 97% of these samples, either chlorothalonil, 
      chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, metalaxyl or profenofos was detected 
      exceeding their maximum residue limits (MRLs), representing a 97% rate of 
      pesticide detection above the MRL. This rate is much higher than those found in 
      other fruits sold in developed countries. However, this conclusion excludes the 
      fresh Thai mangosteens grown for export, as these are generally cultivated and 
      harvested to GAP standards. Since the edible part of the mangosteen is the pulp, 
      washing the fruits with running water can reduce the risk of pesticide residues 
      contaminating the pulp which would be eaten by the consumer. CONCLUSION: The 
      findings strongly suggest that routine monitoring of pesticide residues in fruits 
      and vegetables is required to reduce the health risks associated with consuming 
      contaminated food. (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
CI  - (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
FAU - Phopin, Kamonrat
AU  - Phopin K
AD  - Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol 
      University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
AD  - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical 
      Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
FAU - Wanwimolruk, Sompon
AU  - Wanwimolruk S
AD  - Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol 
      University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
FAU - Prachayasittikul, Virapong
AU  - Prachayasittikul V
AD  - Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical 
      Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20160627
PL  - England
TA  - J Sci Food Agric
JT  - Journal of the science of food and agriculture
JID - 0376334
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 16K4M187IF (metalaxyl)
RN  - OF5P57N2ZX (Alanine)
RN  - SKF77S6Y67 (Carbofuran)
RN  - W6U08B045O (Dimethoate)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alanine/analogs & derivatives/analysis
MH  - Analytic Sample Preparation Methods
MH  - Carbofuran/analysis
MH  - Developing Countries
MH  - Dimethoate/analysis
MH  - *Food Contamination/prevention & control
MH  - Food Handling
MH  - Food Inspection/*methods
MH  - Fruit/*chemistry
MH  - Garcinia mangostana/*chemistry
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis/standards
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Surface Properties
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Thailand
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - food safety
OT  - fruits
OT  - mangosteen
OT  - pesticide residues
OT  - pesticides
EDAT- 2016/05/18 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/20 06:00
CRDT- 2016/05/18 06:00
PHST- 2015/08/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/03/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/05/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/jsfa.7804 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Sci Food Agric. 2017 Feb;97(3):832-840. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7804. Epub 2016 Jun 
      27.