PMID- 27189038
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171027
LR  - 20200522
IS  - 1740-8709 (Electronic)
IS  - 1740-8695 (Print)
IS  - 1740-8695 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - The effect of daily zinc and/or multivitamin supplements on early childhood 
      development in Tanzania: results from a randomized controlled trial.
LID - 10.1111/mcn.12306 [doi]
LID - e12306
AB  - Impaired childhood development has lifelong consequences for educational 
      attainment and wage-earning potential. Micronutrient supplements have the 
      potential to improve development. The objective of this study was to determine 
      the effect of daily zinc and/or multivitamin (vitamins C, E and B-complex) 
      supplements on development among Tanzanian infants. In this randomized, 2 x 2 
      factorial, double-blind trial, 2400 infants were randomized to zinc (Zn), 
      multivitamins (MV), zinc and multivitamins (Zn + MV) or placebo at 6 weeks of 
      age. At approximately 15 months, a sub-sample of 247 children underwent 
      developmental assessment using the cognitive, language (receptive and expressive) 
      and motor (fine and gross) scales of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler 
      Development Third Edition (BSID-III). Mean BSID-III scores were compared using 
      univariate and multivariate linear regression models adjusted for child's sex, 
      post-conceptual age and test administrator. Logistic regressions were used to 
      assess odds of low developmental scores. We did not detect a significant 
      difference in mean BSID-III scores in any of the five domains in univariate or 
      multivariate models comparing each of the four treatment groups. We also did not 
      detect a significant difference in mean BSID-III scores when comparing children 
      who received zinc supplements versus those who did not, or in comparisons of 
      children who received multivitamin supplements versus those who did not. There 
      was no significant difference in odds of a low BSID-III score in any of the five 
      domains in treatment arms either. Because neither daily zinc nor multivitamin 
      (vitamins B-complex, C and E) supplementation led to improvements in any of the 
      developmental domains assessed using the BSID-III, we recommend pursuing 
      alternative interventions to promote early childhood development in vulnerable 
      populations. (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
CI  - (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Locks, Lindsey M
AU  - Locks LM
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
FAU - Manji, Karim P
AU  - Manji KP
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar 
      es Salaam, Tanzania.
FAU - McDonald, Christine M
AU  - McDonald CM
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's 
      Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Kupka, Roland
AU  - Kupka R
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
AD  - UNICEF Headquarters, New York, NY, USA.
FAU - Kisenge, Rodrick
AU  - Kisenge R
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar 
      es Salaam, Tanzania.
FAU - Aboud, Said
AU  - Aboud S
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and 
      Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
FAU - Wang, Molin
AU  - Wang M
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 
      MA, USA.
FAU - Bellinger, David C
AU  - Bellinger DC
AD  - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 
      Boston, MA, USA.
AD  - Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Fawzi, Wafaie W
AU  - Fawzi WW
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 
      MA, USA.
AD  - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public 
      Health, Boston, MA, USA.
FAU - Duggan, Christopher P
AU  - Duggan CP
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public 
      Health, Boston, MA, USA.
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's 
      Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00421668
GR  - P30 DK040561/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24 DK104676/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 DK034854/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 HD090255/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HD048969/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20160518
PL  - England
TA  - Matern Child Nutr
JT  - Maternal & child nutrition
JID - 101201025
RN  - 0 (Vitamins)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child Development/*drug effects
MH  - Cognition/drug effects
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Male
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - Tanzania
MH  - Vitamins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Young Adult
MH  - Zinc/*administration & dosage
PMC - PMC5115989
MID - NIHMS809193
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2016/05/18 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/28 06:00
PMCR- 2016/05/18
CRDT- 2016/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2015/09/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/12/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/01/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - MCN12306 [pii]
AID - 10.1111/mcn.12306 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Matern Child Nutr. 2017 Apr;13(2):e12306. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12306. Epub 2016 May 
      18.