PMID- 27189900
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170822
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1365-2036 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-2813 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 1
DP  - 2016 Jul
TI  - Liver-related mortality in countries of the developed world: an ecological study 
      approach to explain the variability.
PG  - 68-77
LID - 10.1111/apt.13657 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Liver-related mortality varies across developed nations. AIM: To 
      assess the relative role of various risk factors in relation to liver-related 
      mortality in an ecological study approach. METHODS: Data for liver-related 
      mortality, prevalence data for hepatitis B and C, human immunodeficiency virus 
      (HIV), alcohol consumption per capita, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 
      overweight and obesity were extracted from peer-reviewed publications or WHO 
      databases for different developed countries. As potential other risk-modifying 
      factors, purchase power parity (PPP)-adjusted gross domestic product (GDP) per 
      capita and health expenditure per capita were assessed. As an environmental 
      'hygiene factor', we also assessed the effect of the prevalence of Helicobacter 
      pylori. Only countries with a PPP-adjusted GDP greater than $20 000 and valid 
      information for at least 8 risk modifiers were included. Univariate and 
      multivariate analyses were utilised to quantify the contribution to the 
      variability in liver-related mortality. RESULTS: The proportion of chronic liver 
      diseases (CLD)-related mortality ranged from 0.73-2.40% [mean 1.56%, 95% CI 
      (1.43-1.69)] of all deaths. Univariately, CLD-related mortality was significantly 
      associated with Hepatitis B prevalence, alcohol consumption, PPP-adjusted GDP 
      (all P < 0.05) and potentially H. pylori prevalence (P = 0.055). Other 
      investigated factors, including hepatitis C, did not yield significance. Backward 
      elimination suggested hepatitis B, alcohol consumption and PPP-adjusted GDP as 
      risk factors (explaining 66.3% of the variability). CONCLUSION: Hepatitis B 
      infection, alcohol consumption and GDP, but not hepatitis C or other factors, 
      explain most of the variance of liver-related mortality.
CI  - (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - von Wulffen, M
AU  - von Wulffen M
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
AD  - Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
FAU - Clark, P J
AU  - Clark PJ
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
AD  - Cancer Control Unit, Berghofer-QIMR Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, 
      Australia.
FAU - Macdonald, G A
AU  - Macdonald GA
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
AD  - Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
FAU - Raj, A S
AU  - Raj AS
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
FAU - Kendall, B J
AU  - Kendall BJ
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
FAU - Powell, E E
AU  - Powell EE
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
AD  - Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
FAU - Jones, M P
AU  - Jones MP
AD  - Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquire University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Holtmann, G
AU  - Holtmann G
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 
      Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
AD  - Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
AD  - Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 
      Qld, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160517
PL  - England
TA  - Aliment Pharmacol Ther
JT  - Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
JID - 8707234
SB  - IM
CIN - Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Sep;44(5):531-2. PMID: 27484933
CIN - Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Sep;44(5):532-3. PMID: 27484934
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*epidemiology
MH  - Developed Countries
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
MH  - HIV Infections/epidemiology
MH  - Health Expenditures
MH  - Hepatitis B/*complications
MH  - Hepatitis C/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Liver Diseases/epidemiology/*mortality
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Risk Factors
EDAT- 2016/05/18 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/23 06:00
CRDT- 2016/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/02/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/03/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/04/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/04/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/apt.13657 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jul;44(1):68-77. doi: 10.1111/apt.13657. Epub 2016 
      May 17.