PMID- 27191396
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170707
LR  - 20190219
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 5
DP  - 2016
TI  - Prevalence and Distribution of Segmentation Errors in Macular Ganglion Cell 
      Analysis of Healthy Eyes Using Cirrus HD-OCT.
PG  - e0155319
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0155319 [doi]
LID - e0155319
AB  - PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of different types of spectral domain optical 
      coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scan artifacts and errors in ganglion cell 
      algorithm (GCA) in healthy eyes. METHODS: Infrared image, color-coded map and 
      each of the 128 horizontal b-scans acquired in the macular ganglion cell-inner 
      plexiform layer scans using the Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) 
      macular cube 512 x 128 protocol in 30 healthy normal eyes were evaluated. The 
      frequency and pattern of each artifact was determined. Deviation of the 
      segmentation line was classified into mild (less than 10 microns), moderate 
      (10-50 microns) and severe (more than 50 microns). Each deviation, if present, 
      was noted as upward or downward deviation. Each artifact was further described as 
      per location on the scan and zones in the total scan area. RESULTS: A total of 
      1029 (26.8%) out of total 3840 scans had scan errors. The most common scan error 
      was segmentation error (100%), followed by degraded images (6.70%), blink 
      artifacts (0.09%) and out of register artifacts (3.3%). Misidentification of the 
      inner retinal layers was most frequent (62%). Upward Deviation of the 
      segmentation line (47.91%) and severe deviation (40.3%) were more often noted. 
      Artifacts were mostly located in the central scan area (16.8%). The average 
      number of scans with artifacts per eye was 34.3% and was not related to signal 
      strength on Spearman correlation (p = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that 
      image artifacts and scan errors in SD-OCT GCA analysis are common and frequently 
      involve segmentation errors. These errors may affect inner retinal thickness 
      measurements in a clinically significant manner. Careful review of scans for 
      artifacts is important when using this feature of SD-OCT device.
FAU - Alshareef, Rayan A
AU  - Alshareef RA
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
FAU - Dumpala, Sunila
AU  - Dumpala S
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
FAU - Rapole, Shruthi
AU  - Rapole S
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
FAU - Januwada, Manideepak
AU  - Januwada M
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
FAU - Goud, Abhilash
AU  - Goud A
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
FAU - Peguda, Hari Kumar
AU  - Peguda HK
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
FAU - Chhablani, Jay
AU  - Chhablani J
AD  - Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Retina Vitreous Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, 
      Hyderabad, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160518
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Algorithms
MH  - Artifacts
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macula Lutea/cytology/*diagnostic imaging
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Retinal Ganglion Cells/*cytology
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence/*standards
PMC - PMC4871429
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2016/05/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/07/08 06:00
PMCR- 2016/05/18
CRDT- 2016/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/04/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/07/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-16-00755 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0155319 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2016 May 18;11(5):e0155319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155319. 
      eCollection 2016.