PMID- 27193231
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171213
LR  - 20220129
IS  - 1438-2199 (Electronic)
IS  - 0939-4451 (Print)
IS  - 0939-4451 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 8
DP  - 2016 Aug
TI  - Creatine ingestion augments dietary carbohydrate mediated muscle glycogen 
      supercompensation during the initial 24 h of recovery following prolonged 
      exhaustive exercise in humans.
PG  - 1831-42
LID - 10.1007/s00726-016-2252-x [doi]
AB  - Muscle glycogen availability can limit endurance exercise performance. We 
      previously demonstrated 5 days of creatine (Cr) and carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion 
      augmented post-exercise muscle glycogen storage compared to CHO feeding alone in 
      healthy volunteers. Here, we aimed to characterise the time-course of this 
      Cr-induced response under more stringent and controlled experimental conditions 
      and identify potential mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon. Fourteen healthy, 
      male volunteers cycled to exhaustion at 70 % VO2peak. Muscle biopsies were 
      obtained at rest immediately post-exercise and after 1, 3 and 6 days of recovery, 
      during which Cr or placebo supplements (20 g day(-1)) were ingested along with a 
      prescribed high CHO diet (37.5 kcal kg body mass(-1) day(-1), >80 % calories 
      CHO). Oral-glucose tolerance tests (oral-GTT) were performed pre-exercise and 
      after 1, 3 and 6 days of Cr and placebo supplementation. Exercise depleted muscle 
      glycogen content to the same extent in both treatment groups. Creatine 
      supplementation increased muscle total-Cr, free-Cr and phosphocreatine (PCr) 
      content above placebo following 1, 3 and 6 days of supplementation (all 
      P < 0.05). Creatine supplementation also increased muscle glycogen content 
      noticeably above placebo after 1 day of supplementation (P < 0.05), which was 
      sustained thereafter. This study confirmed dietary Cr augments post-exercise 
      muscle glycogen super-compensation, and demonstrates this occurred during the 
      initial 24 h of post-exercise recovery (when muscle total-Cr had increased by 
      <10 %). This marked response ensued without apparent treatment differences in 
      muscle insulin sensitivity (oral-GTT, muscle GLUT4 mRNA), osmotic stress (muscle 
      c-fos and HSP72 mRNA) or muscle cell volume (muscle water content) responses, 
      such that another mechanism must be causative.
FAU - Roberts, Paul A
AU  - Roberts PA
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, 
      Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
FAU - Fox, John
AU  - Fox J
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, 
      Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
FAU - Peirce, Nicholas
AU  - Peirce N
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, 
      Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
FAU - Jones, Simon W
AU  - Jones SW
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, 
      Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
FAU - Casey, Anna
AU  - Casey A
AD  - Human Metabolic Physiology and Nutrition, QinetiQ Centre for Human Sciences, 
      Farnborough, UK.
FAU - Greenhaff, Paul L
AU  - Greenhaff PL
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, 
      Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK. paul.greenhaff@nottingham.ac.uk.
AD  - School of Life Sciences, The Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK. 
      paul.greenhaff@nottingham.ac.uk.
LA  - eng
GR  - MR/K00414X/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160519
PL  - Austria
TA  - Amino Acids
JT  - Amino acids
JID - 9200312
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - MU72812GK0 (Creatine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Creatine/*administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Glucose Tolerance Test
MH  - Glycogen/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Proteins/biosynthesis
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*metabolism
MH  - Physical Endurance/*drug effects/physiology
PMC - PMC4974290
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Glucose tolerance
OT  - Glycogen storage
OT  - Insulin sensitivity
OT  - Phosphocreatine
EDAT- 2016/05/20 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/14 06:00
PMCR- 2016/05/19
CRDT- 2016/05/20 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00726-016-2252-x [pii]
AID - 2252 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00726-016-2252-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Amino Acids. 2016 Aug;48(8):1831-42. doi: 10.1007/s00726-016-2252-x. Epub 2016 
      May 19.