PMID- 27206299
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170925
LR  - 20170925
IS  - 1538-067X (Electronic)
IS  - 1092-1095 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 3
DP  - 2016 Jun 1
TI  - Programmed Death-1 Inhibition in Cancer With a Focus on Non-Small Cell Lung 
      Cancer: Rationale, Nursing Implications, and Patient Management Strategies.
PG  - 319-26
LID - 10.1188/16.CJON.319-326 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors are novel 
      immuno-oncology agents. Unlike chemotherapy or targeted agents, which inhibit 
      tumor cell proliferation or induce tumor cell death, immune checkpoint inhibitors 
      are designed to stimulate a patient's own immune system to eliminate tumors. As a 
      result of their mechanism of action, PD-1 pathway inhibitors are associated with 
      adverse events (AEs) with immunologic etiologies, termed immune-mediated AEs 
      (imAEs). These include skin and gastrointestinal AEs, and endocrine, hepatic, 
      renal, and respiratory AEs, including pneumonitis. Most imAEs can be effectively 
      managed with treatment interruption/discontinuation and/or steroids or other 
      immunosuppressive agents. A specialist consult may be required in some cases, and 
      endocrine imAEs may require permanent hormone replacement therapy. OBJECTIVES: 
      This article provides an overview of PD-1 inhibitors, including the potential 
      mechanism of action, key clinical trial data, and strategies for managing 
      patients who may receive PD-1 inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung 
      cancer. METHODS: Information in the article comes from PubMed literature searches 
      and the author's experience with these agents in clinical trials. FINDINGS: 
      Oncology clinicians must thoroughly assess baseline functioning and symptoms and 
      be vigilant for imAEs, which require prompt diagnosis and management. A good 
      understanding of the clinical profile of PD-1 pathway inhibitors is instrumental 
      in helping clinicians manage patients receiving these new therapies.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Clin J Oncol Nurs
JT  - Clinical journal of oncology nursing
JID - 9705336
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized)
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor)
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/*therapeutic use
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*drug therapy/*nursing
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Oncology Nursing/methods
MH  - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*therapeutic use
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PD-1
OT  - immune checkpoint blockade
OT  - immuno-oncology
OT  - nivolumab
OT  - pembrolizumab
EDAT- 2016/05/21 06:00
MHDA- 2017/09/26 06:00
CRDT- 2016/05/21 06:00
PHST- 2016/05/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/09/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1188/16.CJON.319-326 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2016 Jun 1;20(3):319-26. doi: 10.1188/16.CJON.319-326.