PMID- 27208239
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170822
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1532-2548 (Electronic)
IS  - 0032-0889 (Print)
IS  - 0032-0889 (Linking)
VI  - 171
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 Jun
TI  - Of the Nine Cytidine Deaminase-Like Genes in Arabidopsis, Eight Are Pseudogenes 
      and Only One Is Required to Maintain Pyrimidine Homeostasis in Vivo.
PG  - 799-809
LID - 10.1104/pp.15.02031 [doi]
AB  - CYTIDINE DEAMINASE (CDA) catalyzes the deamination of cytidine to uridine and 
      ammonia in the catabolic route of C nucleotides. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis 
      thaliana) CDA gene family comprises nine members, one of which (AtCDA) was shown 
      previously in vitro to encode an active CDA. A possible role in C-to-U RNA 
      editing or in antiviral defense has been discussed for other members. A 
      comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of plant CDA sequences, combined with 
      biochemical functionality tests, strongly suggests that all Arabidopsis CDA 
      family members except AtCDA are pseudogenes and that most plants only require a 
      single CDA gene. Soybean (Glycine max) possesses three CDA genes, but only two 
      encode functional enzymes and just one has very high catalytic efficiency. AtCDA 
      and soybean CDAs are located in the cytosol. The functionality of AtCDA in vivo 
      was demonstrated with loss-of-function mutants accumulating high amounts of 
      cytidine but also CMP, cytosine, and some uridine in seeds. Cytidine hydrolysis 
      in cda mutants is likely caused by NUCLEOSIDE HYDROLASE1 (NSH1) because cytosine 
      accumulation is strongly reduced in a cda nsh1 double mutant. Altered responses 
      of the cda mutants to fluorocytidine and fluorouridine indicate that a dual 
      specific nucleoside kinase is involved in cytidine as well as uridine salvage. 
      CDA mutants display a reduction in rosette size and have fewer leaves compared 
      with the wild type, which is probably not caused by defective pyrimidine 
      catabolism but by the accumulation of pyrimidine catabolism intermediates 
      reaching toxic concentrations.
CI  - (c) 2016 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.
FAU - Chen, Mingjia
AU  - Chen M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0943-3991
AD  - Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Department of 
      Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Herde, Marco
AU  - Herde M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2804-0613
AD  - Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Department of 
      Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
FAU - Witte, Claus-Peter
AU  - Witte CP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3617-7807
AD  - Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Department of 
      Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of Plants, 30419 Hannover, Germany 
      cpwitte@pflern.uni-hannover.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160331
PL  - United States
TA  - Plant Physiol
JT  - Plant physiology
JID - 0401224
RN  - 0 (Arabidopsis Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Pyrimidines)
RN  - 5CSZ8459RP (Cytidine)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
RN  - EC 2.7.- (Phosphotransferases)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.77 (nucleoside phosphotransferase)
RN  - EC 3.2.2.- (N-Glycosyl Hydrolases)
RN  - EC 3.5.4.5 (Cytidine Deaminase)
RN  - K8CXK5Q32L (pyrimidine)
RN  - WHI7HQ7H85 (Uridine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ammonia/metabolism
MH  - Arabidopsis/*enzymology/genetics/physiology
MH  - Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Computational Biology
MH  - Cytidine/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Cytidine Deaminase/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Genes, Reporter
MH  - Homeostasis
MH  - Mutation
MH  - N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Phosphotransferases/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Plant Leaves/enzymology/genetics/physiology
MH  - Pseudogenes/genetics
MH  - Pyrimidines/chemistry/*metabolism
MH  - Glycine max/*enzymology/genetics/physiology
MH  - Uridine/chemistry/metabolism
PMC - PMC4902590
EDAT- 2016/05/22 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/23 06:00
PMCR- 2017/06/01
CRDT- 2016/05/22 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/03/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - pp.15.02031 [pii]
AID - PP201502031R1 [pii]
AID - 10.1104/pp.15.02031 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Plant Physiol. 2016 Jun;171(2):799-809. doi: 10.1104/pp.15.02031. Epub 2016 Mar 
      31.