PMID- 27212842
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160523
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 0973-2063 (Print)
IS  - 0973-2063 (Electronic)
IS  - 0973-2063 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2016
TI  - Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal cell-mediated immunity regulation in the Immune 
      Restoration Inflammatory Syndrome.
PG  - 28-31
LID - 10.6026/97320630012028 [doi]
AB  - Over one third of the patients sero-positive for the human immunodeficiency virus 
      (HIV) with signs of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and under 
      treatment with anti-retroviral therapy (ART), develop the immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). It is not clear what variables are that determine 
      whether a patient with HIV/AIDS will develop ART-related IRIS, but the best 
      evidence base thus far indicates that HIV/AIDS patients with low CD4 cell count, 
      and HIV/AIDS patients whose CD4 count recovery shows a sharp slope, suggesting a 
      particularly fast "immune reconstitution", are at greater risk of developing 
      IRIS. Here, we propose the hypothesis that one important variable that can 
      contribute to low CD4 cell count number and function in ART-treated HIV/AIDS 
      patients is altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) cell-mediated immune 
      (CMI) regulation. We discuss HPA-CMI deregulation in IRIS as the new frontier in 
      comparative effectiveness research (CRE) for obtaining and utilizing the best 
      evidence base for treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS in specific clinical 
      settings. We propose that our hypothesis about altered HPA-CMI may extend to the 
      pathologies observed in related viral infection, including Zika.
FAU - Khakshooy, Allen
AU  - Khakshooy A
AD  - Oral Biology and Medicine, Center for the health Sciences University of 
      California Los Angeles, USA; Health Sciences, California State University, 
      Northridge, USA.
FAU - Chiappelli, Francesco
AU  - Chiappelli F
AD  - Oral Biology and Medicine, Center for the health Sciences University of 
      California Los Angeles, USA; Evidence-Based Decisions Practice-Based Research 
      Network, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160131
PL  - Singapore
TA  - Bioinformation
JT  - Bioinformation
JID - 101258255
PMC - PMC4857463
EDAT- 2016/05/24 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/24 06:01
PMCR- 2016/01/01
CRDT- 2016/05/24 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 97320630012028 [pii]
AID - 10.6026/97320630012028 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Bioinformation. 2016 Jan 31;12(1):28-31. doi: 10.6026/97320630012028. eCollection 
      2016.