PMID- 27214588 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20180110 LR - 20220409 IS - 1557-9042 (Electronic) IS - 0897-7151 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 24 DP - 2016 Dec 15 TI - Responses of the Acutely Injured Spinal Cord to Vibration that Simulates Transport in Helicopters or Mine-Resistant Ambush-Protected Vehicles. PG - 2217-2226 AB - In the military environment, injured soldiers undergoing medical evacuation via helicopter or mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicle (MRAP) are subjected to vibration and shock inherent to the transport vehicle. We conducted the present study to assess the consequences of such vibration on the acutely injured spinal cord. We used a porcine model of spinal cord injury (SCI). After a T10 contusion-compression injury, animals were subjected to 1) no vibration (n = 7-8), 2) whole body vibration at frequencies and amplitudes simulating helicopter transport (n = 8), or 3) whole body vibration simulating ground transportation in an MRAP ambulance (n = 7). Hindlimb locomotor function (using Porcine Thoracic Injury Behavior Scale [PTIBS]), Eriochrome Cyanine histochemistry and biochemical analysis of inflammatory and neural damage markers were analyzed. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) expression levels for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were similar between the helicopter or MRAP group and the unvibrated controls. Spared white/gray matter tended to be lower in the MRAP-vibrated animals than in the unvibrated controls, especially rostral to the epicenter. However, spared white/gray matter in the helicopter-vibrated group appeared normal. Although there was a relationship between the extent of sparing and the extent of locomotor recovery, no significant differences were found in PTIBS scores between the groups. In summary, exposures to vibration in the context of ground (MRAP) or aeromedical (helicopter) transportation did not significantly impair functional outcome in our large animal model of SCI. However, MRAP vibration was associated with increased tissue damage around the injury site, warranting caution around exposure to vehicle vibration acutely after SCI. FAU - Streijger, Femke AU - Streijger F AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Lee, Jae H T AU - Lee JH AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Manouchehri, Neda AU - Manouchehri N AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Melnyk, Angela D AU - Melnyk AD AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . AD - 2 Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Chak, Jason AU - Chak J AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . AD - 2 Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Tigchelaar, Seth AU - Tigchelaar S AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - So, Kitty AU - So K AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Okon, Elena B AU - Okon EB AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Jiang, Shudong AU - Jiang S AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Kinsler, Rachel AU - Kinsler R AD - 3 Enroute Care and Airworthiness Division, United States Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory , Fort Rucker, Alabama. FAU - Barazanji, Khalid AU - Barazanji K AD - 3 Enroute Care and Airworthiness Division, United States Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory , Fort Rucker, Alabama. FAU - Cripton, Peter A AU - Cripton PA AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . AD - 2 Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . FAU - Kwon, Brian K AU - Kwon BK AD - 1 International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . AD - 4 Combined Neurosurgical and Orthopaedics Spine Program (CNOSP), Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20160705 PL - United States TA - J Neurotrauma JT - Journal of neurotrauma JID - 8811626 SB - IM MH - Acute Disease MH - *Aircraft MH - Animals MH - Female MH - *Motor Vehicles MH - Recovery of Function/physiology MH - Spinal Cord Injuries/pathology/*physiopathology MH - Swine MH - Swine, Miniature MH - Thoracic Vertebrae MH - Vibration/*adverse effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - MRAP OT - SCI OT - helicopter OT - porcine model OT - shock OT - transportation, vibration EDAT- 2016/05/24 06:00 MHDA- 2018/01/11 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/24 06:00 PHST- 2016/05/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/01/11 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/05/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1089/neu.2016.4456 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurotrauma. 2016 Dec 15;33(24):2217-2226. doi: 10.1089/neu.2016.4456. Epub 2016 Jul 5.