PMID- 27230933 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170509 LR - 20170509 IS - 1535-5667 (Electronic) IS - 0161-5505 (Linking) VI - 57 IP - 10 DP - 2016 Oct TI - Accuracy and Precision of Partial-Volume Correction in Oncological PET/CT Studies. PG - 1642-1649 AB - Accurate quantification of tracer uptake in small tumors using PET is hampered by the partial-volume effect as well as by the method of volume-of-interest (VOI) delineation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of partial-volume correction (PVC) combined with several VOI methods on the accuracy and precision of quantitative PET. METHODS: Four image-based PVC methods and resolution modeling (applied as PVC) were used in combination with several common VOI methods. Performance was evaluated using simulations, phantom experiments, and clinical repeatability studies. Simulations were based on a whole-body (18)F-FDG PET scan in which differently sized spheres were placed in lung and mediastinum. A National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU2 quality phantom was used for the experiments. Repeatability data consisted of an (18)F-FDG PET/CT study on 11 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and an (18)F-fluoromethylcholine PET/CT study on 12 patients with metastatic prostate cancer. RESULTS: Phantom data demonstrated that most PVC methods were strongly affected by the applied resolution kernel, with accuracy differing by about 20%-50% between full-width-at-half-maximum settings of 5.0 and 7.5 mm. For all PVC methods, large differences in accuracy were seen among all VOI methods. Additionally, the image-based PVC methods were observed to have variable sensitivity to the accuracy of the VOI methods. For most PVC methods, accuracy was strongly affected by more than a 2.5-mm misalignment of true (simulated) VOI. When the optimal VOI method for each PVC method was used, high accuracy could be achieved. For example, resolution modeling for mediastinal lesions and iterative deconvolution for lung lesions were 99% +/- 1.5% and 99% +/- 0.9% accurate, respectively, for spheres 15-40 mm in diameter. Precision worsened slightly for resolution modeling and to a larger extent for some image-based PVC methods. Uncertainties in delineation propagated into uncertainties in PVC performance, as confirmed by the clinical data. CONCLUSION: The accuracy and precision of the tested PVC methods depended strongly on VOI method, resolution settings, contrast, and spatial alignment of the VOI. PVC has the potential to substantially improve the accuracy of tracer uptake assessment, provided that robust and accurate VOI methods become available. Commonly used delineation methods may not be adequate for this purpose. CI - (c) 2016 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc. FAU - Cysouw, Matthijs C F AU - Cysouw MCF AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Kramer, Gerbrand Maria AU - Kramer GM AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Hoekstra, Otto S AU - Hoekstra OS AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Frings, Virginie AU - Frings V AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - de Langen, Adrianus Johannes AU - de Langen AJ AD - Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Smit, Egbert F AU - Smit EF AD - Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - van den Eertwegh, Alfons J M AU - van den Eertwegh AJ AD - Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and. FAU - Oprea-Lager, Daniela E AU - Oprea-Lager DE AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Boellaard, Ronald AU - Boellaard R AD - Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands r.boellaard@umcg.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160526 PL - United States TA - J Nucl Med JT - Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine JID - 0217410 RN - 0Z5B2CJX4D (Fluorodeoxyglucose F18) SB - IM MH - Algorithms MH - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*diagnostic imaging MH - Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 MH - Humans MH - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted MH - Lung Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging MH - Male MH - Neoplasm Metastasis MH - Phantoms, Imaging MH - Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/*methods MH - Prostatic Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology MH - Sensitivity and Specificity OTO - NOTNLM OT - delineation OT - oncology OT - partial-volume correction OT - positron emission tomography OT - resolution modeling EDAT- 2016/05/28 06:00 MHDA- 2017/05/10 06:00 CRDT- 2016/05/28 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/04/22 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/05/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/05/10 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/05/28 06:00 [entrez] AID - jnumed.116.173831 [pii] AID - 10.2967/jnumed.116.173831 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nucl Med. 2016 Oct;57(10):1642-1649. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.116.173831. Epub 2016 May 26.