PMID- 27236494
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170111
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 215
DP  - 2016 Aug
TI  - Microplastic interactions with freshwater microalgae: Hetero-aggregation and 
      changes in plastic density appear strongly dependent on polymer type.
PG  - 331-339
LID - S0269-7491(16)30383-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.006 [doi]
AB  - In this study, the interactions between microplastics, chosen among the most 
      widely used in industry such as polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene 
      (HDPE), and a model freshwater microalgae, Chlamydomas reinhardtii, were 
      investigated. It was shown that the presence of high concentrations of 
      microplastics with size >400 mum did not directly impact the growth of microalgae 
      in the first days of contact and that the expression of three genes involved in 
      the stress response was not modified after 78 days. In parallel, a similar 
      colonization was observed for the two polymers. However, after 20 days of 
      contact, in the case of PP only, hetero-aggregates constituted of microalgae, 
      microplastics and exopolysaccharides were formed. An estimation of the 
      hetero-aggregates composition was approximately 50% of PP fragments and 50% of 
      microalgae, which led to a final density close to 1.2. Such hetero-aggregates 
      appear as an important pathway for the vertical transport of PP microplastics 
      from the water surface to sediment. Moreover, after more than 70 days of contact 
      with microplastics, the microalgae genes involved in the sugar biosynthesis 
      pathways were strongly over-expressed compared to control conditions. The levels 
      of over-expression were higher in the case of HDPE than in PP condition. This 
      work presents the first evidence that depending on their chemical nature, 
      microplastics will follow different fates in the environment.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lagarde, Fabienne
AU  - Lagarde F
AD  - Institut des Molecules et des Materiaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Universite du 
      Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France. Electronic address: 
      fabienne.lagarde@univ-lemans.fr.
FAU - Olivier, Ophelie
AU  - Olivier O
AD  - Institut des Molecules et des Materiaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Universite du 
      Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France; Laboratoire Mer, 
      Molecules, Sante (EA 2160), Universite du Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 
      Le Mans Cedex, France.
FAU - Zanella, Marie
AU  - Zanella M
AD  - Laboratoire Mer, Molecules, Sante (EA 2160), Universite du Maine, Avenue Olivier 
      Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France.
FAU - Daniel, Philippe
AU  - Daniel P
AD  - Institut des Molecules et des Materiaux du Mans, UMR CNRS 6283, Universite du 
      Maine, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France.
FAU - Hiard, Sophie
AU  - Hiard S
AD  - Laboratoire Mer, Molecules, Sante (EA 2160), Universite du Maine, Avenue Olivier 
      Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France.
FAU - Caruso, Aurore
AU  - Caruso A
AD  - Laboratoire Mer, Molecules, Sante (EA 2160), Universite du Maine, Avenue Olivier 
      Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160526
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
RN  - 0 (Polypropylenes)
RN  - 0 (Polysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Fresh Water/*chemistry
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Geologic Sediments
MH  - Microalgae/genetics/*growth & development
MH  - *Particle Size
MH  - Plastics/chemistry
MH  - Polyethylene/*chemistry
MH  - Polymers/*chemistry
MH  - Polypropylenes/*chemistry
MH  - Polysaccharides/chemistry
MH  - Water/chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
MH  - Water Pollution
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Hetero-aggregates
OT  - Microalgae
OT  - Microplastics
OT  - Plastic pollution
OT  - Polyethylene
OT  - Polypropylene
EDAT- 2016/05/30 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/12 06:00
CRDT- 2016/05/30 06:00
PHST- 2016/02/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/05/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/05/30 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/05/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0269-7491(16)30383-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2016 Aug;215:331-339. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.006. Epub 
      2016 May 26.