PMID- 27251379
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170324
LR  - 20201209
IS  - 1573-2576 (Electronic)
IS  - 0360-3997 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 4
DP  - 2016 Aug
TI  - Anti-Inflammation Effects and Potential Mechanism of Saikosaponins by Regulating 
      Nicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism.
PG  - 1453-61
LID - 10.1007/s10753-016-0377-4 [doi]
AB  - Inflammation is an important immune response; however, excessive inflammation 
      causes severe tissue damages and secondary inflammatory injuries. The long-term 
      and ongoing uses of routinely used drugs such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory 
      drugs (NSAIDS) are associated with serious adverse reactions, and not all 
      patients have a well response to them. Consequently, therapeutic products with 
      more safer and less adverse reaction are constantly being sought. Radix Bupleuri, 
      a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been reported to have 
      anti-inflammatory effects. However, saikosaponins (SS) as the main 
      pharmacodynamic active ingredient, their pharmacological effects and action 
      mechanism in anti-inflammation have not been reported frequently. This study 
      aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of SS and clarify the potential 
      mechanism in acute inflammatory mice induced by subcutaneous injection of 
      formalin in hind paws. Paw edema was detected as an index to evaluate the 
      anti-inflammatory efficacy of SS. Then, a metabolomic method was used to 
      investigate the changed metabolites and potential mechanism of SS. Metabolite 
      profiling was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with 
      quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The detection and 
      identification of the changed metabolites were systematically analyzed by 
      multivariate data and pathway analysis. As a result, 12 different potential 
      biomarkers associated with SS in anti-inflammation were identified, including 
      nicotinate, niacinamide, arachidonic acid (AA), and 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4, 
      which are associated with nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and arachidonic 
      acid metabolism. The expression levels of biomarkers were effectively modulated 
      towards the normal range by SS. It indicated that SS show their effective 
      anti-inflammatory effects through regulating nicotinate and nicotinamide 
      metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism.
FAU - Ma, Yu
AU  - Ma Y
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
FAU - Bao, Yongrui
AU  - Bao Y
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
AD  - Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 
      116600, China.
AD  - Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, 
      Dalian, 116600, China.
FAU - Wang, Shuai
AU  - Wang S
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
AD  - Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 
      116600, China.
AD  - Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, 
      Dalian, 116600, China.
FAU - Li, Tianjiao
AU  - Li T
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
AD  - Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 
      116600, China.
AD  - Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, 
      Dalian, 116600, China.
FAU - Chang, Xin
AU  - Chang X
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
FAU - Yang, Guanlin
AU  - Yang G
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China.
FAU - Meng, Xiansheng
AU  - Meng X
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18 of 
      DD5 Street, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116600, China. mxsvvv@163.com.
AD  - Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian, 
      116600, China. mxsvvv@163.com.
AD  - Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, 
      Dalian, 116600, China. mxsvvv@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Inflammation
JT  - Inflammation
JID - 7600105
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Saponins)
RN  - 25X51I8RD4 (Niacinamide)
RN  - 2679MF687A (Niacin)
RN  - 27YG812J1I (Arachidonic Acid)
RN  - 6SMK8R7TGJ (Oleanolic Acid)
RN  - UR635J3F00 (saikosaponin D)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects/*pharmacology
MH  - Arachidonic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Metabolism/*drug effects
MH  - Metabolomics/*methods
MH  - Mice
MH  - Niacin/metabolism
MH  - Niacinamide/metabolism
MH  - Oleanolic Acid/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology
MH  - Saponins/adverse effects/*pharmacology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - arachidonic acid metabolism
OT  - effects
OT  - inflammation
OT  - mechanism
OT  - nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism
OT  - saikosaponin
EDAT- 2016/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/03 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10753-016-0377-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10753-016-0377-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Inflammation. 2016 Aug;39(4):1453-61. doi: 10.1007/s10753-016-0377-4.