PMID- 27257817 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170818 LR - 20190213 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 6 DP - 2016 TI - Transcriptional Activity of rRNA Genes in Barley Cells after Mutagenic Treatment. PG - e0156865 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0156865 [doi] LID - e0156865 AB - In the present study, the combination of the micronucleus test with analysis of the activity of the rRNA genes in mutagen-treated Hordeum vulgare (barley) by maleic hydrazide (MH) cells was performed. Simultaneously fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 25S rDNA as probes and an analysis of the transcriptional activity of 35S rRNA genes with silver staining were performed. The results showed that transcriptional activity is always maintained in the micronuclei although they are eliminated during the next cell cycle. The analysis of the transcriptional activity was extended to barley nuclei. MH influenced the fusion of the nucleoli in barley nuclei. The silver staining enabled detection of the nuclear bodies which arose after MH treatment. The results confirmed the usefulness of cytogenetic techniques in the characterization of micronuclei. Similar analyses can be now extended to other abiotic stresses to study the response of plant cells to the environment. FAU - Kwasniewska, Jolanta AU - Kwasniewska J AD - Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. FAU - Jaskowiak, Joanna AU - Jaskowiak J AD - Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160603 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 RN - 0 (DNA, Plant) RN - 0 (Mutagens) RN - 0 (RNA, Ribosomal) RN - TQ7L3FCV66 (Maleic Hydrazide) SB - IM MH - Chromosomes, Plant/genetics MH - DNA, Plant/genetics MH - Hordeum/drug effects/*genetics MH - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Maleic Hydrazide/toxicity MH - Micronucleus Tests MH - Mutagenesis/drug effects/genetics MH - Mutagens/toxicity MH - RNA, Ribosomal/*genetics MH - Transcriptional Activation/drug effects/genetics PMC - PMC4892555 COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. EDAT- 2016/06/04 06:00 MHDA- 2017/08/19 06:00 PMCR- 2016/06/03 CRDT- 2016/06/04 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/05/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/06/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/06/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/08/19 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-16-08119 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0156865 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2016 Jun 3;11(6):e0156865. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156865. eCollection 2016.