PMID- 27259179
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170425
LR  - 20170425
IS  - 1875-9270 (Electronic)
IS  - 1051-9815 (Linking)
VI  - 54
IP  - 2
DP  - 2016 May 27
TI  - Developing a workplace resilience instrument.
PG  - 241-53
LID - 10.3233/WOR-162297 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Resilience benefits from the use of protective factors, as opposed to 
      risk factors, which are associated with vulnerability. Considerable research and 
      instrument development has been conducted in clinical settings for patients. The 
      need existed for an instrument to be developed in a workplace setting to measure 
      resilience of employees. OBJECTIVE: This study developed and tested a resilience 
      instrument for employees in the workplace. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The research 
      instrument was distributed to executives and nurses working in the United States 
      in hospital settings. Five-hundred-forty completed and usable responses were 
      obtained. The instrument contained an inventory of workplace resilience, a job 
      stress questionnaire, and relevant demographics. The resilience items were 
      written based on previous work by the lead author and inspired by Weick's [1] 
      sense-making theory. RESULTS: A four-factor model yielded an instrument having 
      psychometric properties showing good model fit. Twenty items were retained for 
      the resulting Workplace Resilience Instrument (WRI). Parallel analysis was 
      conducted with successive iterations of exploratory and confirmatory factor 
      analyses. Respondents were classified based on their employment with either a 
      rural or an urban hospital. Executives had significantly higher WRI scores than 
      nurses, controlling for gender. WRI scores were positively and significantly 
      correlated with years of experience and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. 
      CONCLUSIONS: An instrument to measure individual resilience in the workplace 
      (WRI) was developed. The WRI's four factors identify dimensions of workplace 
      resilience for use in subsequent investigations: Active Problem-Solving, Team 
      Efficacy, Confident Sense-Making, and Bricolage.
FAU - Mallak, Larry A
AU  - Mallak LA
AD  - Department of Industrial and Entrepreneurial Engineering & Engineering 
      Management, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
FAU - Yildiz, Mustafa
AU  - Yildiz M
AD  - Department of Educational Leadership, Research, and Technology, Western Michigan 
      University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Work
JT  - Work (Reading, Mass.)
JID - 9204382
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Female
MH  - Hospital Administrators/*psychology
MH  - Hospitals, Rural
MH  - Hospitals, Urban
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - *Resilience, Psychological
MH  - Stress, Psychological/etiology
MH  - *Surveys and Questionnaires
MH  - Workplace/*psychology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Nursing
OT  - bricolage
OT  - coping
OT  - hospital
OT  - sense-making
EDAT- 2016/06/04 06:00
MHDA- 2017/04/26 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/06/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/04/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - WOR2297 [pii]
AID - 10.3233/WOR-162297 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Work. 2016 May 27;54(2):241-53. doi: 10.3233/WOR-162297.