PMID- 27284051 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170605 LR - 20220129 IS - 1470-8752 (Electronic) IS - 0300-5127 (Print) IS - 0300-5127 (Linking) VI - 44 IP - 3 DP - 2016 Jun 15 TI - Rotating with the brakes on and other unresolved features of the vacuolar ATPase. PG - 851-5 LID - 10.1042/BST20160043 [doi] AB - The rotary ATPase family comprises the ATP synthase (F-ATPase), vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and archaeal ATPase (A-ATPase). These either predominantly utilize a proton gradient for ATP synthesis or use ATP to produce a proton gradient, driving secondary transport and acidifying organelles. With advances in EM has come a significant increase in our understanding of the rotary ATPase family. Following the sub nm resolution reconstructions of both the F- and V-ATPases, the secondary structure organization of the elusive subunit a has now been resolved, revealing a novel helical arrangement. Despite these significant developments in our understanding of the rotary ATPases, there are still a number of unresolved questions about the mechanism, regulation and overall architecture, which this mini-review aims to highlight and discuss. CI - (c) 2016 The Author(s). FAU - Rawson, Shaun AU - Rawson S AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. FAU - Harrison, Michael A AU - Harrison MA AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. FAU - Muench, Stephen P AU - Muench SP AD - School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. s.p.muench@leeds.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - G1000567/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - England TA - Biochem Soc Trans JT - Biochemical Society transactions JID - 7506897 RN - EC 3.6.1.- (Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Eukaryota/metabolism MH - Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases/*metabolism PMC - PMC4900747 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cryo-EM OT - molecular motor OT - rotary ATPase OT - vacuolar ATPase EDAT- 2016/06/11 06:00 MHDA- 2017/06/06 06:00 PMCR- 2016/06/09 CRDT- 2016/06/11 06:00 PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/06/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/06/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/06/06 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/06/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - BST20160043 [pii] AID - 10.1042/BST20160043 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biochem Soc Trans. 2016 Jun 15;44(3):851-5. doi: 10.1042/BST20160043.