PMID- 27289365
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171211
LR  - 20190318
IS  - 1432-2072 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-3158 (Linking)
VI  - 233
IP  - 15-16
DP  - 2016 Aug
TI  - Investigation of the effects of 'piperazine-containing party pills' and 
      dexamphetamine on interhemispheric communication using electroencephalography.
PG  - 2869-77
LID - 10.1007/s00213-016-4335-5 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: 'Piperazine-containing party pills' were marketed and sold as legal 
      alternatives to methamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) 
      until 2008 in New Zealand. The major constituents of these 'pills' were 
      benzylphenylpiperazine (BZP) and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP). Despite 
      their popularity, there is a paucity of knowledge about their central effects in 
      humans. This study investigated their effects on human neural processing using 
      electroencephalographic techniques. METHODS: A randomised, double-blind, 
      placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of an acute dose of these 
      compounds on the interhemispheric transfer of information (IHTT) using the 
      Poffenberger task. Reaction time data were also collected. Healthy, right-handed 
      males were given an oral dose of either BZP (n = 13) (200 mg), TFMPP (n = 15) 
      (60 mg), a combination of BZP + TFMPP (n = 15) (100 mg/30 mg), dexamphetamine 
      (n = 16) (20 mg), or placebo (n = 23) and tested both before and 120 min after 
      drug administration. RESULTS: A mixed factorial repeated measures analysis of 
      variance of absolute N160 latency and contrast analysis revealed that only TFMPP 
      (F (1,77) = 17.30, p </= 0.001) significantly reduced the absolute N160 latency. 
      Analysis of the IHTT revealed that only TFMPP (F (1,77) = 5.266, p </= 0.02) 
      significantly reduced the IHTT, while BZP, BZP + TFMPP and dexamphetamine had no 
      effect. Contrast analysis revealed that both TFMPP (F (1,77) = 17.30, p </= 0.001) 
      and placebo (F (1,77) = 15.08, p </= 0.001) preserved the laterality of information 
      transfer from one hemisphere to the other. Reaction time (p > 0.05) was not 
      significantly affected by any of the drug treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The usual 
      directional asymmetry (i.e. faster R-to-L transfer relative to L-to-R) observed 
      in healthy control group was absent following the administration of either BZP, 
      BZP + TFMPP or dexamphetamine. Surprisingly, lateralised hemispheric function was 
      not affected by TFMPP. Our findings highlight how the administration of BZP, 
      TFMPP and BZP + TFMPP leads to changes in the pattern of information transfer.
FAU - Lee, HeeSeung
AU  - Lee H
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of 
      Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Wang, Grace Y
AU  - Wang GY
AD  - Department of Psychology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - Curley, Louise E
AU  - Curley LE
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of 
      Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University 
      of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Kydd, Rob R
AU  - Kydd RR
AD  - Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The 
      University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Kirk, Ian J
AU  - Kirk IJ
AD  - Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, School of Psychology, The University of 
      Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University 
      of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Russell, Bruce R
AU  - Russell BR
AD  - National School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University 
      of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand. bruce.russell@otago.ac.nz.
AD  - School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of 
      Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. bruce.russell@otago.ac.nz.
AD  - Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University 
      of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. bruce.russell@otago.ac.nz.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20160611
PL  - Germany
TA  - Psychopharmacology (Berl)
JT  - Psychopharmacology
JID - 7608025
RN  - 0 (Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (N-benzylpiperazine)
RN  - 0 (Piperazines)
RN  - 0 (Serotonin Receptor Agonists)
RN  - 25R3ONU51C (1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine)
RN  - TZ47U051FI (Dextroamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Dextroamphetamine/*pharmacology
MH  - Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/*pharmacology
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Electroencephalography
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Visual/*drug effects
MH  - Functional Laterality/*drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Neural Pathways/drug effects
MH  - Piperazines/*pharmacology
MH  - Reaction Time/drug effects
MH  - Serotonin Receptor Agonists/*pharmacology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - *Benzylpiperazine
OT  - *Central nervous system stimulants
OT  - *Electroencephalography
OT  - *Event-related potentials
OT  - *Humans
OT  - *Interhemispheric transfer
OT  - *Trifluromethylphenylpiperazine
EDAT- 2016/06/13 06:00
MHDA- 2017/12/12 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/13 06:00
PHST- 2016/02/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/06/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/06/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/12/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-016-4335-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00213-016-4335-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 Aug;233(15-16):2869-77. doi: 
      10.1007/s00213-016-4335-5. Epub 2016 Jun 11.