PMID- 27306219
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170112
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1437-7772 (Electronic)
IS  - 1341-9625 (Print)
IS  - 1341-9625 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Dec
TI  - Oral administration of the amino acids cystine and theanine attenuates the 
      adverse events of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer patients.
PG  - 1085-1090
AB  - BACKGROUND: Nutritional therapy is used to reduce the adverse events (AEs) of 
      anticancer drugs. Here, we determined whether the amino acids cystine and 
      theanine, which provide substrates for glutathione, attenuated the AEs of S-1 
      adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: Patients scheduled to receive S-1 adjuvant 
      chemotherapy were randomized to the C/T or the control groups. The C/T group 
      received 700 mg cystine and 280 mg theanine orally 1 week before the 
      administration of S-1, which then continued for 5 weeks. Each group received S-1 
      for 4 weeks. Blood sampling was performed and AEs were evaluated (CTCAE ver. 4.0) 
      before and after the administration of S-1. S-1 was discontinued when AEs >/= grade 
      2 occurred. RESULTS: The incidences of AEs of any grade and those over grade 2 
      were lower in the C/T group than in the controls. The incidence of diarrhea (G >/= 
      2) was significantly less (p < 0.05) in the C/T group (3.1 %) than in the 
      controls (25.8 %). The duration and completion rate of the S-1 adjuvant 
      chemotherapy were significantly longer (p < 0.01) and higher (p < 0.01), 
      respectively, in the C/T group (complete ratio: 75.0 %, duration: 
      24.8 +/- 5.8 days) than in the controls (complete ratio: 35.5 %, duration: 
      20.0 +/- 7.7 days). CONCLUSIONS: The oral administration of cystine and theanine 
      attenuated the AEs of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy and increased the S-1 completion 
      rate, suggesting that cystine and theanine is a useful supportive care for 
      chemotherapy.
FAU - Tsuchiya, Takashi
AU  - Tsuchiya T
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan. tsuchiya@openhp.or.jp.
FAU - Honda, Hiroshi
AU  - Honda H
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan.
FAU - Oikawa, Masaya
AU  - Oikawa M
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan.
FAU - Kakita, Tetsuya
AU  - Kakita T
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan.
FAU - Oyama, Atsushi
AU  - Oyama A
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan.
FAU - Oishi, Hidekazu
AU  - Oishi H
AD  - Department of Surgery, Sendai City Medical Center, 5-22-1 Tsurugaya, Miyagino-ku, 
      Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0824, Japan.
FAU - Tochikubo, Katsuyuki
AU  - Tochikubo K
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Sendai City Medical Center, Sendai, Japan.
FAU - Hashimoto, Takanao
AU  - Hashimoto T
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, Sendai City Medical Center, Sendai, Japan.
FAU - Kurihara, Shigekazu
AU  - Kurihara S
AD  - Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kanagawa, Japan.
FAU - Shibakusa, Tetsuro
AU  - Shibakusa T
AD  - Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kanagawa, Japan.
FAU - Kayahara, Takashi
AU  - Kayahara T
AD  - Wellness Business Division, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20160615
PL  - Japan
TA  - Int J Clin Oncol
JT  - International journal of clinical oncology
JID - 9616295
RN  - 0 (Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic)
RN  - 0 (Drug Combinations)
RN  - 0 (Glutamates)
RN  - 0 (Protective Agents)
RN  - 150863-82-4 (S 1 (combination))
RN  - 1548R74NSZ (Tegafur)
RN  - 48TCX9A1VT (Cystine)
RN  - 5VT6420TIG (Oxonic Acid)
RN  - 8021PR16QO (theanine)
RN  - GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
SB  - IM
MH  - Administration, Oral
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects/methods
MH  - Cystine/*administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Combinations
MH  - Drug Monitoring
MH  - *Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/etiology/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Glutamates/*administration & dosage
MH  - Glutathione/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Oxonic Acid/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Protective Agents/administration & dosage
MH  - *Tegafur/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Treatment Outcome
PMC - PMC5124434
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adverse events
OT  - Chemotherapy
OT  - Cystine/theanine
OT  - S-1
OT  - Supportive care
COIS- No author has any conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2016/06/17 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/14 06:00
PMCR- 2016/06/15
CRDT- 2016/06/17 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/06/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/06/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s10147-016-0996-7 [pii]
AID - 996 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10147-016-0996-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Clin Oncol. 2016 Dec;21(6):1085-1090. doi: 10.1007/s10147-016-0996-7. Epub 
      2016 Jun 15.