PMID- 27320331 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20170208 LR - 20190907 IS - 1873-4294 (Electronic) IS - 1568-0266 (Linking) VI - 17 IP - 6 DP - 2017 TI - Recent Progress in the Design and Discovery of RXR Modulators Targeting Alternate Binding Sites of the Receptor. PG - 663-675 AB - Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) occupy a central position within the nuclear receptor superfamily. They not only function as important transcriptional factors but also exhibit diverse nongenomic biological activities. The pleiotropic actions of RXRs under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions confer RXRs important drug targets for the treatment of cancer, and metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. RXR modulators have been studied for the purpose of developing both drug molecules and chemical tools for biological investigation of RXR. Development of RXR modulators has focused on small molecules targeting the canonical ligand-binding pocket. However, accumulating results have demonstrated that there are other binding mechanisms by which small molecules interact with RXR to act as RXR modulators. This review discusses the recent development in the design and discovery of RXR modulators with a focus on those targeting novel binding sites on RXR. FAU - Su, Ying AU - Su Y AD - Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States. FAU - Zeng, Zhiping AU - Zeng Z FAU - Chen, Ziwen AU - Chen Z FAU - Xu, Dan AU - Xu D FAU - Zhang, Weidong AU - Zhang W FAU - Zhang, Xiao-Kun AU - Zhang XK AD - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Top Med Chem JT - Current topics in medicinal chemistry JID - 101119673 RN - 0 (Ligands) RN - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Binding Sites MH - *Drug Design MH - *Drug Discovery MH - Humans MH - Ligands MH - Retinoid X Receptors/*chemistry/metabolism EDAT- 2016/06/21 06:00 MHDA- 2017/02/09 06:00 CRDT- 2016/06/21 06:00 PHST- 2015/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/12/16 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2015/12/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/06/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/02/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/06/21 06:00 [entrez] AID - CTMC-EPUB-76615 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1568026616666160617092241 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Top Med Chem. 2017;17(6):663-675. doi: 10.2174/1568026616666160617092241.