PMID- 27327024
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170822
LR  - 20180330
IS  - 1530-0315 (Electronic)
IS  - 0195-9131 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 11
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Postexercise High-Fat Feeding Suppresses p70S6K1 Activity in Human Skeletal 
      Muscle.
PG  - 2108-2117
AB  - PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of reduced CHO but high 
      postexercise fat availability on cell signaling and expression of genes with 
      putative roles in regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, lipid metabolism, and 
      muscle protein synthesis. METHODS: Ten males completed a twice per day exercise 
      model (3.5 h between sessions) comprising morning high-intensity interval 
      training (8 x 5 min at 85% V O2peak) and afternoon steady-state (SS) running (60 
      min at 70% V O2peak). In a repeated-measures design, runners exercised under 
      different isoenergetic dietary conditions consisting of high-CHO (HCHO: 10 g.kg 
      CHO, 2.5 g.kg protein, and 0.8 g.kg fat for the entire trial period) or 
      reduced-CHO but high-fat availability in the postexercise recovery periods (HFAT: 
      2.5 g.kg CHO, 2.5 g.kg protein, and 3.5 g.kg fat for the entire trial period). 
      RESULTS: Muscle glycogen was lower (P < 0.05) at 3 h (251 vs 301 mmol.kg dry 
      weight) and 15 h (182 vs 312 mmol.kg dry weight) post-SS exercise in HFAT 
      compared with HCHO. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha2 activity 
      was not increased post-SS in either condition (P = 0.41), although comparable 
      increases (all P < 0.05) in PGC-1alpha, p53, citrate synthase, Tfam, peroxisome 
      proliferator-activated receptor, and estrogen-related receptor alpha mRNA were 
      observed in HCHO and HFAT. By contrast, PDK4 (P = 0.003), CD36 (P = 0.05), and 
      carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (P = 0.03) mRNA were greater in HFAT in the 
      recovery period from SS exercise compared with HCHO. Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 
      activity was higher (P = 0.08) at 3 h post-SS exercise in HCHO versus HFAT (72.7 
      +/- 51.9 vs 44.7 +/- 27 fmol.min.mg). CONCLUSION: Postexercise high-fat feeding does 
      not augment the mRNA expression of genes associated with regulatory roles in 
      mitochondrial biogenesis, although it does increase lipid gene expression. 
      However, postexercise ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 activity is reduced under 
      conditions of high-fat feeding, thus potentially impairing skeletal muscle 
      remodeling processes.
FAU - Hammond, Kelly M
AU  - Hammond KM
AD  - 1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores 
      University, Liverpool, UNITED KINGDOM; 2English Institute of Sport, Loughborough 
      University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM; 3Health and Exercise Sciences Research 
      Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, UNITED KINGDOM; and 4Centre for Exercise 
      and Nutrition, Mary MacKillop Health Research Institute, Australian Catholic 
      University, Victoria, AUSTRALIA.
FAU - Impey, Samuel G
AU  - Impey SG
FAU - Currell, Kevin
AU  - Currell K
FAU - Mitchell, Nigel
AU  - Mitchell N
FAU - Shepherd, Sam O
AU  - Shepherd SO
FAU - Jeromson, Stewart
AU  - Jeromson S
FAU - Hawley, John A
AU  - Hawley JA
FAU - Close, Graeme L
AU  - Close GL
FAU - Hamilton, Lee D
AU  - Hamilton LD
FAU - Sharples, Adam P
AU  - Sharples AP
FAU - Morton, James P
AU  - Morton JP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Med Sci Sports Exerc
JT  - Medicine and science in sports and exercise
JID - 8005433
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Fats/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Glycogen/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lipid Metabolism/genetics
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscle Proteins/*biosynthesis/genetics
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*enzymology
MH  - *Organelle Biogenesis
MH  - Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction/physiology
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2016/10/19 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/23 06:00
CRDT- 2016/06/22 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/06/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Nov;48(11):2108-2117. doi: 
      10.1249/MSS.0000000000001009.