PMID- 27382568
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170221
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 2314-6141 (Electronic)
IS  - 2314-6133 (Print)
VI  - 2016
DP  - 2016
TI  - Effects of Acute and Chronic Heavy Metal (Cu, Cd, and Zn) Exposure on Sea 
      Cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus).
PG  - 4532697
LID - 10.1155/2016/4532697 [doi]
LID - 4532697
AB  - Acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted with sea cucumber (Apostichopus 
      japonicus) exposed to heavy metals. Acute toxicity values (96 h LC50) were 2.697, 
      0.133, and 1.574 mg L(-1) for Zn, Cu, and Cd, respectively, and were ranked in 
      order of toxicity: Cu > Cd > Zn. Under chronic metal exposure the specific growth 
      rates of sea cucumbers decreased with the increase of metal concentration for all 
      the three metals. After acute metal exposure, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) 
      decreased. The OCRs in all groups were significantly different than control (P < 
      0.05) except in the group treated with 1.00 mg L(-1) Zn (P < 0.05), where the 
      increase of OCR was observed. The OCRs in groups chronically exposed to metals 
      were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The activity 
      of both pyruvate kinase (PK) and hexokinase (HK) in sea cucumbers followed: 
      respiratory tree > muscle > intestine in natural sea water. After chronic Zn, Cu, 
      and Cd exposure, the change pattern of HK and PK in respiratory tree, muscle, and 
      intestine varied slightly. However, the activity of the enzyme showed a general 
      trend of increase and then decrease and the higher the exposure concentration 
      was, the earlier the highest point of enzyme activity was obtained.
FAU - Li, Li
AU  - Li L
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
FAU - Tian, Xiangli
AU  - Tian X
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
FAU - Yu, Xiao
AU  - Yu X
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
FAU - Dong, Shuanglin
AU  - Dong S
AD  - The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, 
      Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160612
PL  - United States
TA  - Biomed Res Int
JT  - BioMed research international
JID - 101600173
RN  - 0 (Metals, Heavy)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - 789U1901C5 (Copper)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (Hexokinase)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.40 (Pyruvate Kinase)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Aquaculture
MH  - Cadmium/administration & dosage/toxicity
MH  - Copper/administration & dosage/toxicity
MH  - Hexokinase/metabolism
MH  - Metals, Heavy/administration & dosage/*toxicity
MH  - Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
MH  - Pyruvate Kinase/metabolism
MH  - Sea Cucumbers/*drug effects/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/administration & dosage/toxicity
MH  - Zinc/administration & dosage/toxicity
PMC - PMC4921195
EDAT- 2016/07/07 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/22 06:00
PMCR- 2016/06/12
CRDT- 2016/07/07 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/05/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/05/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/07/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2016/4532697 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:4532697. doi: 10.1155/2016/4532697. Epub 2016 Jun 12.