PMID- 27429862
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160719
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 2162-3619 (Print)
IS  - 2162-3619 (Electronic)
IS  - 2162-3619 (Linking)
VI  - 5
DP  - 2015
TI  - Ex vivo apoptotic and autophagic influence of an estradiol analogue on platelets.
PG  - 18
LID - 10.1186/s40164-016-0048-z [doi]
LID - 18
AB  - BACKGROUND: Platelets are known contributors to the vascularization, metastasis 
      and growth of tumors. Upon their interaction with cancer cells they are activated 
      resulting in degranulation and release of constituents. Since the apoptotic- and 
      autophagic effects of 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5(10)16-tetraene (ESE-16) 
      has been shown to occur in vitro and this compound was designed to bind to 
      carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), the possible occurrence of these cell death 
      mechanisms in platelets as circulatory components, is of importance. METHODS: 
      Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess morphological changes in 
      platelets after exposure to ESE-16. The possible apoptotic- and autophagic effect 
      of ESE-16 in platelets was also determined by means of flow cytometry through 
      measurement of Annexin V-FITC, caspase 3 activity, autophagy related protein 5 
      levels and light chain 3-I to light chain 3-II conversion. RESULTS: Scanning 
      electron microscopy revealed no changes in ESE-16-treated platelets when compared 
      to vehicle-treated samples. Apoptosis detection by Annexin V-FITC and measurement 
      of caspase 3 activity indicated that there was no increase in apoptosis when 
      platelets were exposed to ESE-16. The incidence of autophagy by measurement of 
      autophagy related protein 5 levels and light chain 3-I to light chain 3-II 
      conversion showed that exposure to ESE-16 did not cause the incidence of 
      autophagy in platelets. CONCLUSION: This is the first ex vivo study reporting on 
      involvement of apoptosis- and autophagy-related targets in platelets after 
      exposure to ESE-16, warranting further investigation in platelets of cancer 
      patients.
FAU - Repsold, Lisa
AU  - Repsold L
AD  - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, 
      University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
FAU - Pretorius, Etheresia
AU  - Pretorius E
AD  - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, 
      University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
FAU - Joubert, Annie Margaretha
AU  - Joubert AM
AD  - Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, 
      University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160715
PL  - England
TA  - Exp Hematol Oncol
JT  - Experimental hematology & oncology
JID - 101590676
PMC - PMC4946154
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5(10)16-tetraene
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Autophagy
OT  - Ex vivo
OT  - Platelets
EDAT- 2015/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 2015/01/01 00:01
PMCR- 2016/07/15
CRDT- 2016/07/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/07/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 48 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s40164-016-0048-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Exp Hematol Oncol. 2016 Jul 15;5:18. doi: 10.1186/s40164-016-0048-z. eCollection 
      2015.