PMID- 27442752
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180426
LR  - 20220129
IS  - 1365-2990 (Electronic)
IS  - 0305-1846 (Linking)
VI  - 43
IP  - 4
DP  - 2017 Jun
TI  - Review: Astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease and other age-associated dementias: a 
      supporting player with a central role.
PG  - 281-298
LID - 10.1111/nan.12338 [doi]
AB  - Astrocytes have essential roles in the central nervous system and are also 
      implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. Forming 
      non-overlapping domains, astrocytes are highly complex cells. 
      Immunohistochemistry to a variety of proteins can be used to study astrocytes in 
      tissue, labelling different cellular components and sub-populations, including 
      glial fibrillary acidic protein, ALDH1L1, CD44, NDRG2 and amino acid 
      transporters, but none of these labels the entire astrocyte population. 
      Increasing heterogeneity is recognized in the astrocyte population, a complexity 
      that is relevant both to their normal function and pathogenic roles. They are 
      involved in neuronal support, as active components of the tripartite synapse and 
      in cell interactions within the neurovascular unit (NVU), where they are 
      essential for blood-brain barrier maintenance and neurovascular coupling. 
      Astrocytes change with age, and their responses may modulate the cellular effects 
      of neurodegenerative pathologies, which alone do not explain all of the variance 
      in statistical models of neurodegenerative dementias. Astrocytes respond to both 
      the neurofibrillary tangles and plaques of Alzheimer's disease, to 
      hyperphosphorylated tau and Abeta, eliciting an effect which may be neuroprotective 
      or deleterious. Not only astrocyte hypertrophy, in the form of gliosis, occurs, 
      but also astrocyte injury and atrophy. Loss of normal astrocyte functions may 
      contribute to reduced support for neurones and dysfunction of the NVU. 
      Understanding how astrocytes contribute to dementia requires an understanding of 
      the underlying heterogeneity of astrocyte populations, and the complexity of 
      their responses to pathology. Enhancing the supportive and neuroprotective 
      components of the astrocyte response has potential translational applications in 
      therapeutic approaches to dementia.
CI  - (c) 2016 British Neuropathological Society.
FAU - Garwood, C J
AU  - Garwood CJ
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Ratcliffe, L E
AU  - Ratcliffe LE
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Simpson, J E
AU  - Simpson JE
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Heath, P R
AU  - Heath PR
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Ince, P G
AU  - Ince PG
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Wharton, S B
AU  - Wharton SB
AD  - Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Sheffield, UK.
LA  - eng
GR  - G0900582/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - MR/J004308/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol
JT  - Neuropathology and applied neurobiology
JID - 7609829
SB  - IM
MH  - Aging/pathology
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/*pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Astrocytes/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Dementia/*pathology
MH  - Humans
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - astrocytes
OT  - dementia
OT  - neurodegeneration
OT  - neurovascular unit
EDAT- 2016/07/22 06:00
MHDA- 2018/04/27 06:00
CRDT- 2016/07/22 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/07/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/07/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/04/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/nan.12338 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2017 Jun;43(4):281-298. doi: 10.1111/nan.12338.