PMID- 27447641
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180205
LR  - 20200306
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 7
DP  - 2016 Jul 20
TI  - The Evaluation of Physical Stillness with Wearable Chest and Arm Accelerometer 
      during Chan Ding Practice.
LID - 10.3390/s16071126 [doi]
LID - 1126
AB  - Chan Ding training is beneficial to health and emotional wellbeing. More and more 
      people have taken up this practice over the past few years. A major training 
      method of Chan Ding is to focus on the ten Mailuns, i.e., energy points, and to 
      maintain physical stillness. In this article, wireless wearable accelerometers 
      were used to detect physical stillness, and the created physical stillness index 
      (PSI) was also shown. Ninety college students participated in this study. 
      Primarily, accelerometers used on the arms and chest were examined. The results 
      showed that the PSI values on the arms were higher than that of the chest, when 
      participants moved their bodies in three different ways, left-right, 
      anterior-posterior, and hand, movements with natural breathing. Then, they were 
      divided into three groups to practice Chan Ding for approximately thirty minutes. 
      Participants without any Chan Ding experience were in Group I. Participants with 
      one year of Chan Ding experience were in Group II, and participants with over 
      three year of experience were in Group III. The Chinese Happiness Inventory (CHI) 
      was also conducted. Results showed that the PSI of the three groups measured 
      during 20-30 min were 0.123 +/- 0.155, 0.012 +/- 0.013, and 0.001 +/- 0.0003, 
      respectively (p < 0.001 ***). The averaged CHI scores of the three groups were 
      10.13, 17.17, and 25.53, respectively (p < 0.001 ***). Correlation coefficients 
      between PSI and CHI of the three groups were -0.440, -0.369, and -0.537, 
      respectively (p < 0.01 **). PSI value and the wearable accelerometer that are 
      presently available on the market could be used to evaluate the quality of the 
      physical stillness of the participants during Chan Ding practice.
FAU - Chang, Kang-Ming
AU  - Chang KM
AD  - Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, 500, 
      Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. changkm@asia.edu.tw.
AD  - Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical 
      University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan. changkm@asia.edu.tw.
FAU - Chun, Yu-Teng
AU  - Chun YT
AD  - Biosignal Processing Lab, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 
      41354, Taiwan. ken7360@gmail.com.tw.
FAU - Chen, Sih-Huei
AU  - Chen SH
AD  - Biosignal Processing Lab, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 
      41354, Taiwan. abbykayq@yahoo.com.tw.
FAU - Lu, Luo
AU  - Lu L
AD  - Department of Business Administration, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, 
      Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. luolu@ntu.edu.tw.
FAU - Su, Hsiao-Ting Jannis
AU  - Su HT
AD  - Department of Educational management and law, National Taipei University of 
      Education, No.134, Sec. 2, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei 10671, Taiwan. 
      jannis56789@yahoo.com.tw.
FAU - Liang, Hung-Meng
AU  - Liang HM
AD  - Department of Law, National Chung Cheng University, No.168, Sec. 1, University 
      Rd., Min-Hsiung Township, Chia-yi County 62102, Taiwan. lawlhm@ccu.edu.tw.
FAU - Santhosh, Jayasree
AU  - Santhosh J
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 
      Jalan Elmu, Off Jalan University, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia. 
      jsanthosh@um.edu.my.
FAU - Ching, Congo Tak-Shing
AU  - Ching CT
AD  - Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Daxue Rd., 
      Puli Township, Nantou County 545, Taiwan. tsching@ncnu.edu.tw.
FAU - Liu, Shing-Hong
AU  - Liu SH
AD  - Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University 
      of Technology, 168, Jifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung 41349, Taiwan. 
      shliu@cyut.edu.tw.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160720
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
MH  - Accelerometry/*methods
MH  - *Arm
MH  - Biosensing Techniques/*methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mental Health
MH  - Monitoring, Ambulatory/*methods
MH  - *Thorax
PMC - PMC4970169
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chan Ding
OT  - Chinese Happiness Inventory
OT  - meditation
OT  - physical stillness index (PSI)
OT  - wearable accelerometer
EDAT- 2016/07/23 06:00
MHDA- 2018/02/06 06:00
PMCR- 2016/07/20
CRDT- 2016/07/23 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/06/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/07/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/07/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/02/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s16071126 [pii]
AID - sensors-16-01126 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s16071126 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2016 Jul 20;16(7):1126. doi: 10.3390/s16071126.