PMID- 27454126
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170724
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 7
DP  - 2016
TI  - Acridine Orange Indicates Early Oxidation of Wood Cell Walls by Fungi.
PG  - e0159715
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0159715 [doi]
LID - e0159715
AB  - Colonization of wood blocks by brown and white rot fungi rapidly resulted in 
      detectable wood oxidation, as shown by a reduced phloroglucinol response, a loss 
      of autofluorescence, and acridine orange (AO) staining. This last approach is 
      shown to provide a novel method for identifying wood oxidation. When lignin was 
      mildly oxidized, the association between AO and lignin was reduced such that 
      stained wood sections emitted less green light during fluorescence microscopy. 
      This change was detectable after less than a week, an interval that past work has 
      shown to be too short for significant delignification of wood. Although fungal 
      hyphae were observed in only a few wood lumina, oxidation was widespread, 
      appearing relatively uniform over regions several hundred micrometers from the 
      hyphae. This observation suggests that both classes of fungi release low 
      molecular weight mild oxidants during the first few days of colonization.
FAU - Houtman, Carl J
AU  - Houtman CJ
AD  - USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, 
      Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
FAU - Kitin, Peter
AU  - Kitin P
AD  - Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United 
      States of America.
FAU - Houtman, Jon C D
AU  - Houtman JC
AD  - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Hammel, Kenneth E
AU  - Hammel KE
AD  - USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, 
      Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
AD  - Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United 
      States of America.
FAU - Hunt, Christopher G
AU  - Hunt CG
AD  - USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, 
      Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160725
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - F30N4O6XVV (Acridine Orange)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acridine Orange/*metabolism
MH  - Cell Wall/*metabolism/*microbiology
MH  - *Fungi
MH  - *Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Wood/*metabolism/*microbiology
PMC - PMC4959780
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2016/07/28 06:00
MHDA- 2017/07/25 06:00
PMCR- 2016/07/25
CRDT- 2016/07/26 06:00
PHST- 2016/02/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/07/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/07/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-16-05352 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0159715 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2016 Jul 25;11(7):e0159715. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159715. 
      eCollection 2016.