PMID- 27459862
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180618
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1179-2035 (Electronic)
IS  - 0112-1642 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Mar
TI  - Impact of Endurance Exercise Training in the Fasted State on Muscle Biochemistry 
      and Metabolism in Healthy Subjects: Can These Effects be of Particular Clinical 
      Benefit to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin-Resistant Patients?
PG  - 415-428
LID - 10.1007/s40279-016-0594-x [doi]
AB  - Exercise training intervention is a cornerstone in the care of type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR), and it is pursued in order to 
      optimize exercise interventions for these patients. In this regard, the 
      nutritional state of patients during exercise (being in the fed or fasted state) 
      can be of particular interest. The aim of the present review is to describe the 
      impact of endurance exercise (training) in the fasted versus fed state on 
      parameters of muscle biochemistry and metabolism linked to glycemic control or 
      insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. From these data it can then be deduced 
      whether exercise training in the fasted state may be relevant to patients with 
      T2DM or IR. In healthy subjects, acute endurance exercise in the fasted state is 
      accompanied by lower blood insulin and elevated blood free fatty acid 
      concentrations, stable blood glucose concentrations (in the first 60-90 min), 
      superior intramyocellular triacylglycerol oxidation and whole-body lipolysis, and 
      muscle glycogen preservation. Long-term exercise training in the fasted state in 
      healthy subjects is associated with greater improvements in insulin sensitivity, 
      basal muscle fat uptake capacity, and oxidation. Therefore, promising results of 
      exercise (training) in the fasted state have been found in healthy subjects on 
      parameters of muscle biochemistry and metabolism linked to insulin sensitivity 
      and glycemic control. Whether exercise training intervention in which exercise 
      sessions are organized in the fasted state may be more effective in improving 
      insulin sensitivity or glycemic control in T2DM patients and insulin-resistant 
      individuals warrants investigation.
FAU - Hansen, Dominique
AU  - Hansen D
AD  - Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt 
      University, REVAL, Agoralaan, Building A, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium. 
      Dominique.hansen@uhasselt.be.
AD  - Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium. 
      Dominique.hansen@uhasselt.be.
FAU - De Strijcker, Dorien
AU  - De Strijcker D
AD  - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Calders, Patrick
AU  - Calders P
AD  - Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, Ghent, 
      Belgium.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Sports Med
JT  - Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
JID - 8412297
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/*analysis
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*therapy
MH  - Exercise/*physiology
MH  - Fasting/*physiology
MH  - Healthy Volunteers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin
MH  - Insulin Resistance/*physiology
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
MH  - Physical Endurance/physiology
MH  - *Resistance Training
EDAT- 2016/07/28 06:00
MHDA- 2018/06/19 06:00
CRDT- 2016/07/28 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/06/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/28 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s40279-016-0594-x [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s40279-016-0594-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sports Med. 2017 Mar;47(3):415-428. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0594-x.