PMID- 27473948
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180101
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 2044-6055 (Electronic)
IS  - 2044-6055 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 7
DP  - 2016 Jul 29
TI  - Cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes in OR Tambo district, 
      South Africa.
PG  - e010875
LID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010875 [doi]
LID - e010875
AB  - OBJECTIVES: South Africa has pledged to the sustainable development goal of 
      promoting good health and well-being to all residents. While this is laudable, 
      paucity of reliable epidemiological data for different regions on diabetes and 
      treatment outcomes may further widen the inequalities of access and quality of 
      healthcare services across the country. This study examines the sociodemographic 
      and clinical determinants of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 
      individuals attending primary healthcare in OR Tambo district, South Africa. 
      DESIGN: A cross-sectional analytical study. SETTING: Primary healthcare setting 
      in OR Tambo district, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS: Patients treated for T2DM for 1 
      or more years (n=327). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of uncontrolled T2DM. 
      SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Determinants of uncontrolled T2DM (glycosylated 
      haemoglobin (HbA1c) >/=7%). RESULTS: Out of the 327 participants, 274 had HbA1c>/=7% 
      (83.8%). Female sex (95% CI 1.3 to 4.2), overweight/obesity (95% CI 1.9 to 
      261.2), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI 4.4 to 23.8), 
      sedentary habits (95% CI 7.2 to 61.3), lower monthly income (95% CI 1.3 to 6.5), 
      longer duration of T2DM (95% CI 4.4 to 294.2) and diabetes information from 
      non-health workers (95% CI 1.4 to 7.0) were the significant determinants of 
      uncontrolled T2DM. There was a significant positive correlation of uncontrolled 
      T2DM with increasing duration of T2DM, estimated glomerular filtration rate and 
      body mass index. However, a significant negative correlation exists between 
      monthly income and increasing HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: We found a significantly high 
      prevalence (83.8%) of uncontrolled T2DM among the patients, possibly attributable 
      to overweight/obesity, sedentary living, lower income and lack of information on 
      diabetes. Addressing these determinants will require re-engineering of primary 
      healthcare in the district.
CI  - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not 
      already granted under a licence) please go to 
      http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
FAU - Adeniyi, Oladele Vincent
AU  - Adeniyi OV
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0216-6701
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Walter Sisulu 
      University, East London, South Africa.
FAU - Yogeswaran, Parimalaranie
AU  - Yogeswaran P
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Walter Sisulu 
      University, Mthatha, South Africa.
FAU - Longo-Mbenza, Benjamin
AU  - Longo-Mbenza B
AD  - Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Family Medicine, Walter Sisulu 
      University, Mthatha, South Africa.
FAU - Ter Goon, Daniel
AU  - Ter Goon D
AD  - Department of Nursing Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Fort 
      Hare, East London, South Africa.
FAU - Ajayi, Anthony Idowu
AU  - Ajayi AI
AD  - Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities, Department of Sociology, University of 
      Fort Hare, East London, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
DEP - 20160729
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Open
JT  - BMJ open
JID - 101552874
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin A)
RN  - 0 (hemoglobin A1c protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*epidemiology
MH  - Educational Status
MH  - Female
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin/*metabolism
MH  - Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
MH  - Healthcare Disparities/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Obesity/blood/complications/*epidemiology
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - *Primary Health Care
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
PMC - PMC4986079
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EDUCATION & TRAINING (see Medical Education & Training)
OT  - EPIDEMIOLOGY
EDAT- 2016/07/31 06:00
MHDA- 2018/01/02 06:00
PMCR- 2016/07/29
CRDT- 2016/07/31 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/01/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/07/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - bmjopen-2015-010875 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010875 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMJ Open. 2016 Jul 29;6(7):e010875. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010875.