PMID- 27475438
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190114
LR  - 20200217
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 32
DP  - 2018 Nov
TI  - Atmospheric monitoring of organochlorine pesticides across some West African 
      countries.
PG  - 31828-31835
LID - 10.1007/s11356-016-7284-y [doi]
AB  - Most African countries have ratified the Stockholm Convention on persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs) and are expected to reduce emissions of POPs such as 
      organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) to the atmosphere. Emerging evidence, however, 
      suggests that there are contemporary sources of OCPs in African countries despite 
      the global ban on these products. This study investigated the atmospheric 
      contamination from OCPs in four West African countries-Togo, Benin, Nigeria, and 
      Cameroon-to ascertain the emission levels of OCPs and the characteristic 
      signatures of contamination. Polyurethane foam (PUF) disk passive air samplers 
      (PAS) were deployed in each country for ca. 55 days in 2012 and analyzed for 25 
      OCPs. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and DDTs constituted the highest burden of 
      atmospheric OCPs in the target countries, at average concentrations of 
      441 pg m(-3) (range 23-2718) and 403 pg m(-3) (range 91-1880), respectively. 
      Mirex had the lowest concentration, ranged between 0.1 and 3.3 pg m(-3). The 
      concentration of OCPs in rainy season was higher than in dry season in Cameroon, 
      and presupposed inputs from agriculture during the rainy season. The 
      concentrations of  summation operator25 OCPs in each country were in the following order: 
      Cameroon > Nigeria > Benin > Togo. There was significant evidence, based on 
      chemical signatures of the contamination that DDT, aldrin, chlordane, and 
      endosulfan were recently applied at certain sites in the respective countries.
FAU - Isogai, Nahomi
AU  - Isogai N
AD  - Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 
      79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan.
FAU - Hogarh, Jonathan N
AU  - Hogarh JN
AD  - Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University 
      of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. jhogarh@gmail.com.
FAU - Seike, Nobuyasu
AU  - Seike N
AD  - National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 
      305-8604, Japan.
FAU - Kobara, Yuso
AU  - Kobara Y
AD  - National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, 
      305-8604, Japan.
FAU - Oyediran, Femi
AU  - Oyediran F
AD  - Environmental Laboratories Limited, P. O. Box 15104, Ikeja G.P.O., Lagos, 
      Nigeria.
FAU - Wirmvem, Mengnjo J
AU  - Wirmvem MJ
AD  - Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, 
      259-1211, Japan.
FAU - Ayonghe, Samuel N
AU  - Ayonghe SN
AD  - Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. 
      O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
FAU - Fobil, Julius
AU  - Fobil J
AD  - Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School 
      of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
FAU - Masunaga, Shigeki
AU  - Masunaga S
AD  - Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 
      79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160731
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Polyurethanes)
RN  - 12789-03-6 (Chlordan)
RN  - 59NEE7PCAB (Hexachlorocyclohexane)
RN  - 9009-54-5 (polyurethane foam)
RN  - OKA6A6ZD4K (Endosulfan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Africa, Western
MH  - Agriculture
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Atmosphere
MH  - Cameroon
MH  - Chlordan/analysis
MH  - Endosulfan/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Hexachlorocyclohexane/analysis
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Nigeria
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Polyurethanes/analysis
MH  - Seasons
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)
OT  - Passive air sampling
OT  - Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
OT  - West Africa
EDAT- 2016/08/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/01/15 06:00
CRDT- 2016/08/01 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/01/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-016-7284-y [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-016-7284-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Nov;25(32):31828-31835. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-016-7284-y. Epub 2016 Jul 31.