PMID- 27475439
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170323
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 20
DP  - 2016 Oct
TI  - Assessing persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Sicily Island atmosphere, 
      Mediterranean, using PUF disk passive air samplers.
PG  - 20796-20804
AB  - In this study, PUF disk passive air samplers were deployed at eight sites, during 
      two sampling periods, on the Island of Sicily in the Mediterranean basin. Samples 
      were screened for a number of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including 
      polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (n = 28 congeners), organochlorine pesticides 
      (OCPs) (n = 16 compounds), and polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs n = 28) 
      using GC-MS. PCB concentrations in air ranged ~10-300 pg m(-3). The PCB pattern 
      was dominated by lower to middle molecular weight PCBs (Cl(3-5)) and PCB-28 and 
      PCB-52 were the most abundant congeners. alpha- and gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) 
      concentrations in air were relatively high ~420 +/- 320 (50-1000) and 460 +/- 340 
      (30-1000) pg m(-3), respectively, with an average alpha/gamma ratio of 1 +/- 0.5, 
      indicating a tendency of higher use of lindane than of technical HCH. Among DDTs, 
      only p,p'-DDT 90 +/- 15 (~10-800) and p,p'-DDE 60 +/- 60 (20-400) were frequently 
      detected. DDT/DDE = 0.4-3.0 (1.0 +/- 0.7 for both periods) suggesting past and 
      fresh inputs of DDT at the sampling sites. alpha-Endosulfan, recently included in 
      Annex A of the Stockholm Convention, fluctuated between 120 +/- 50 (50-1000) 
      pg m(-3). In contrast, PBDE levels were very low (0.2-2 pg m(-3)). Back 
      trajectories of advection suggest that POP levels are mainly related to local 
      sources (primary or secondary) from Sicily (50-70 % contribution of air masses), 
      Southern Italy, and Sardinia (20 %). This study provides new information for POP 
      levels in the atmosphere of the Mediterranean region.
FAU - Pozo, Karla
AU  - Pozo K
AD  - Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment 
      (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. 
      kpozo@ucsc.cl.
AD  - Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Alonso de 
      Ribera 2850, 407 01 29, Concepcion, Chile. kpozo@ucsc.cl.
AD  - Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), 
      Universidad Catolica de la Santisima Concepcion, Alonso de Ribera 2850, 407 01 
      29, Concepcion, Chile. kpozo@ucsc.cl.
AD  - Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'ambiente, Universita degli Studi 
      di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy. kpozo@ucsc.cl.
FAU - Palmeri, Margherita
AU  - Palmeri M
AD  - Dipartimento della Scienza della Terra e il Mare, Universita degli Studi di 
      Palermo, Pleasso di Viale delle Scienze - Edificio 16, Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Palmeri, Valeria
AU  - Palmeri V
AD  - Dipartimento della Scienza della Terra e il Mare, Universita degli Studi di 
      Palermo, Pleasso di Viale delle Scienze - Edificio 16, Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Estellano, Victor H
AU  - Estellano VH
AD  - Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment 
      (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
AD  - Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'ambiente, Universita degli Studi 
      di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
FAU - Mulder, Marie D
AU  - Mulder MD
AD  - Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment 
      (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
FAU - Efstathiou, Christos I
AU  - Efstathiou CI
AD  - Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment 
      (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
FAU - Sara, Gian Luca
AU  - Sara GL
AD  - Dipartimento della Scienza della Terra e il Mare, Universita degli Studi di 
      Palermo, Pleasso di Viale delle Scienze - Edificio 16, Palermo, Italy.
FAU - Romeo, Teresa
AU  - Romeo T
AD  - Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica Applicata al Mare, Via dei 
      Mille 44, 98057, Milazzo, Italy.
FAU - Lammel, Gerhard
AU  - Lammel G
AD  - Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment 
      (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
AD  - Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 
      Germany.
FAU - Focardi, Silvano
AU  - Focardi S
AD  - Dipartimento Scienze fisiche, della Terra e dell'ambiente, Universita degli Studi 
      di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160731
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Atmosphere/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation/*methods
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/*analysis
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis
MH  - Islands
MH  - Mediterranean Region
MH  - Pesticides/*analysis
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis
MH  - Sicily
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Air back trajectories
OT  - Mediterranean
OT  - POPs
OT  - PUF disks
OT  - Passive samplers
OT  - The Island of Sicily
EDAT- 2016/08/01 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/24 06:00
CRDT- 2016/08/01 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-016-7131-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-016-7131-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Oct;23(20):20796-20804. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-016-7131-1. Epub 2016 Jul 31.