PMID- 27491830
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170804
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1539-0829 (Electronic)
IS  - 1534-4827 (Print)
IS  - 1534-4827 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 9
DP  - 2016 Sep
TI  - Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment.
PG  - 87
LID - 10.1007/s11892-016-0775-x [doi]
AB  - Both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been associated with 
      reduced performance on multiple domains of cognitive function and with evidence 
      of abnormal structural and functional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 
      Cognitive deficits may occur at the very earliest stages of diabetes and are 
      further exacerbated by the metabolic syndrome. The duration of diabetes and 
      glycemic control may have an impact on the type and severity of cognitive 
      impairment, but as yet we cannot predict who is at greatest risk of developing 
      cognitive impairment. The pathophysiology of cognitive impairment is 
      multifactorial, although dysfunction in each interconnecting pathway ultimately 
      leads to discordance in metabolic signaling. The pathophysiology includes defects 
      in insulin signaling, autonomic function, neuroinflammatory pathways, 
      mitochondrial (Mt) metabolism, the sirtuin-peroxisome proliferator-activated 
      receptor-gamma co-activator 1alpha (SIRT-PGC-1alpha) axis, and Tau signaling. Several 
      promising therapies have been identified in pre-clinical studies, but remain to 
      be validated in clinical trials.
FAU - Zilliox, Lindsay A
AU  - Zilliox LA
AD  - Department of Neurology, Maryland VA Healthcare System and University of 
      Maryland, 110 South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
FAU - Chadrasekaran, Krish
AU  - Chadrasekaran K
AD  - Department of Neurology, Maryland VA Healthcare System and University of 
      Maryland, 110 South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
FAU - Kwan, Justin Y
AU  - Kwan JY
AD  - Department of Neurology, Maryland VA Healthcare System and University of 
      Maryland, 110 South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
FAU - Russell, James W
AU  - Russell JW
AD  - Department of Neurology, Maryland VA Healthcare System and University of 
      Maryland, 110 South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. 
      JRussell@som.umaryland.edu.
AD  - School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, 3S-129, 110 
      South Paca Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201-1595, USA. JRussell@som.umaryland.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - I01 RX001030/RX/RRD VA/United States
GR  - IK2 RX001651/RX/RRD VA/United States
GR  - P30 DK072488/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK107007/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Curr Diab Rep
JT  - Current diabetes reports
JID - 101093791
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/*physiopathology/therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Mitochondria/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
PMC - PMC5528145
MID - NIHMS877531
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Brain
OT  - Dementia
OT  - Diabetes
OT  - Encephalopathy
OT  - MRI
OT  - Mitochondria
OT  - Neuropathy
OT  - Treatment
EDAT- 2016/08/06 06:00
MHDA- 2017/08/05 06:00
PMCR- 2017/07/26
CRDT- 2016/08/06 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/08/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/08/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2017/07/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s11892-016-0775-x [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11892-016-0775-x [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Diab Rep. 2016 Sep;16(9):87. doi: 10.1007/s11892-016-0775-x.