PMID- 27495736 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171025 LR - 20181202 IS - 1471-2407 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2407 (Linking) VI - 16 DP - 2016 Aug 5 TI - Inconsistent results in the analysis of ALK rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer. PG - 603 LID - 10.1186/s12885-016-2646-x [doi] LID - 603 AB - BACKGROUND: Identification of targetable EML4-ALK fusion proteins has revolutionized the treatment of a minor subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is regarded as the gold standard for detection of ALK rearrangements, ALK immunohistochemistry (IHC) is often used as screening tool in clinical practice. In order to unbiasedly analyze the diagnostic impact of such a screening strategy, we compared ALK IHC with ALK FISH in three large representative Swedish NSCLC cohorts incorporating clinical parameters and gene expression data. METHODS: ALK rearrangements were detected using FISH on tissue microarrays (TMAs), including tissue from 851 NSCLC patients. In parallel, ALK protein expression was detected using IHC, applying the antibody clone D5F3 with two different protocols (the FDA approved Ventana CDx assay and our in house Dako IHC protocol). Gene expression microarray data (Affymetrix) was available for 194 patients. RESULTS: ALK rearrangements were detected in 1.7 % in the complete cohort and 2.0 % in the non-squamous cell carcinoma subgroup. ALK protein expression was observed in 1.8 and 1.4 % when applying the Ventana assay or the in house Dako protocol, respectively. The specificity and accuracy of IHC was high (> 98 %), while the sensitivity was between 69 % (Ventana) and 62 % (in house Dako protocol). Furthermore, only 67 % of the ALK IHC positive cases were positive with both IHC assays. Gene expression analysis revealed that 6/194 (3 %) tumors showed high ALK gene expression (>/= 6 AU) and of them only three were positive by either FISH or IHC. CONCLUSION: The overall frequency of ALK rearrangements based on FISH was lower than previously reported. The sensitivity of both IHC assays was low, and the concordance between the FISH and the IHC assays poor, questioning current strategies to screen with IHC prior to FISH or completely replace FISH by IHC. FAU - Mattsson, Johanna S M AU - Mattsson JS AD - Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. johanna.mattsson@igp.uu.se. FAU - Brunnstrom, Hans AU - Brunnstrom H AD - Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. AD - Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skane, SE-221 85, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Jabs, Verena AU - Jabs V AD - Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany. FAU - Edlund, Karolina AU - Edlund K AD - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at Dortmund TU, Dortmund, Germany. FAU - Jirstrom, Karin AU - Jirstrom K AD - Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. FAU - Mindus, Stephanie AU - Mindus S AD - Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - la Fleur, Linnea AU - la Fleur L AD - Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Ponten, Fredrik AU - Ponten F AD - Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Karlsson, Mats G AU - Karlsson MG AD - Department of Research and Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. FAU - Karlsson, Christina AU - Karlsson C AD - School of Health Sciences, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. FAU - Koyi, Hirsh AU - Koyi H AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gavle hospital, Gavle; Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/County Council of Gavleborg, Gavle, Sweden. FAU - Branden, Eva AU - Branden E AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gavle hospital, Gavle; Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/County Council of Gavleborg, Gavle, Sweden. FAU - Botling, Johan AU - Botling J AD - Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Helenius, Gisela AU - Helenius G AD - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. FAU - Micke, Patrick AU - Micke P AD - Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Svensson, Maria A AU - Svensson MA AD - Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20160805 PL - England TA - BMC Cancer JT - BMC cancer JID - 100967800 RN - 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (ALK protein, human) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases) SB - IM MH - Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase MH - Biomarkers, Tumor/*analysis/genetics MH - Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*genetics MH - Cohort Studies MH - Gene Rearrangement MH - Humans MH - *Immunohistochemistry MH - *In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence MH - Lung Neoplasms/*genetics MH - Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis MH - Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*genetics MH - Sensitivity and Specificity MH - Tissue Array Analysis PMC - PMC4974795 EDAT- 2016/08/09 06:00 MHDA- 2017/10/27 06:00 PMCR- 2016/08/05 CRDT- 2016/08/07 06:00 PHST- 2016/03/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/07/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/08/07 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/08/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/10/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/08/05 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s12885-016-2646-x [pii] AID - 2646 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12885-016-2646-x [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Cancer. 2016 Aug 5;16:603. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2646-x.