PMID- 27523033
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171116
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1872-678X (Electronic)
IS  - 0165-0270 (Print)
IS  - 0165-0270 (Linking)
VI  - 273
DP  - 2016 Nov 1
TI  - Liposome-entrapped GABA modulates the expression of nNOS in NG108-15 cells.
PG  - 55-63
LID - S0165-0270(16)30183-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.08.004 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Liposomes are concentric lipid vesicles that allow a sustained 
      release of entrapped substances. GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the most prevalent 
      inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. NEW METHOD: Using 
      GABA-containing liposomes (GL) prepared by the freeze-thawing method, we 
      determined the effect of sustained release of GABA on expression of neuronal 
      nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R) in an in vitro 
      neuronal model. RESULTS: Neuronal cell line NG108-15 treated with different doses 
      of GL during 24h showed an increase in expression of GABA(A)R (54 and 50% with 10 
      and 20ng doses, respectively) and nNOS (138, 157 and 165% with 20, 50 and 100ng 
      doses, respectively) compared with cells treated with empty liposomes (EL). 
      Additionally, cells treated with 50ng of GL showed an increase in GABA(A)R (23%) 
      after 1h followed by an increase in nNOS (55, 46 and 55%) at 8, 12 and 24h time 
      points, respectively. Immunofluorescence experiments confirmed an increase in 
      nNOS (134%) and basal intracellular levels of nitric oxide (84%) after GL 
      treatment. Further, treatment of cells with GL showed a decrease in expression of 
      a protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN) (26, 66 and 57% with 20, 50 and 100ng doses 
      respectively) compared with control. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: This is 
      first demonstration for the development of GL that allows sustained slow release 
      of this neurotransmitter. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a slow release 
      of GABA can change the expression of nNOS possibly via alteration in PIN levels 
      in neuronal cells.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Vaz, Gisele C
AU  - Vaz GC
AD  - Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte, Brazil.
FAU - Sharma, Neeru M
AU  - Sharma NM
AD  - Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical 
      Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, United States.
FAU - Zheng, Hong
AU  - Zheng H
AD  - Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical 
      Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, United States.
FAU - Zimmerman, Matthew C
AU  - Zimmerman MC
AD  - Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical 
      Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, United States.
FAU - Santos, Robson S
AU  - Santos RS
AD  - Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte, Brazil.
FAU - Frezard, Frederic
AU  - Frezard F
AD  - Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte, Brazil.
FAU - Fontes, Marco A P
AU  - Fontes MAP
AD  - Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo 
      Horizonte, Brazil.
FAU - Patel, Kaushik P
AU  - Patel KP
AD  - Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical 
      Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, United States. Electronic address: kpatel@unmc.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 HL062222/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 GM106397/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK082956/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL124104/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20160811
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Neurosci Methods
JT  - Journal of neuroscience methods
JID - 7905558
RN  - 0 (Liposomes)
RN  - 0 (Nitrites)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Small Interfering)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, GABA-A)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.48 (CREB-Binding Protein)
RN  - EC 3.6.1.- (Dynll1 protein, rat)
RN  - EC 3.6.4.2 (Cytoplasmic Dyneins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - CREB-Binding Protein/metabolism
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cytoplasmic Dyneins/metabolism
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Delivery Systems
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects
MH  - Glutamic Acid/pharmacology
MH  - Liposomes/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Neuroblastoma/pathology
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/*metabolism
MH  - Nitrites/metabolism
MH  - RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
PMC - PMC5075514
MID - NIHMS811450
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GABA
OT  - Liposome
OT  - NG108-15
OT  - PIN
OT  - nNOS
COIS- None.
EDAT- 2016/10/25 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00
PMCR- 2017/11/01
CRDT- 2016/08/16 06:00
PHST- 2016/04/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/08/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/10/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/11/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0165-0270(16)30183-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.08.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurosci Methods. 2016 Nov 1;273:55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.08.004. 
      Epub 2016 Aug 11.