PMID- 27525587 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20181001 LR - 20200930 IS - 1530-6992 (Electronic) IS - 1530-6984 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 9 DP - 2016 Sep 14 TI - Acid-Activatable Versatile Micelleplexes for PD-L1 Blockade-Enhanced Cancer Photodynamic Immunotherapy. PG - 5503-13 LID - 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01994 [doi] AB - Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising clinical modality for cancer therapy due to its ability to initiate an antitumor immune response. However, PDT-mediated cancer immunotherapy is severely impaired by tumor-cell immunosuppression of host T cell antitumor activity through the programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) and programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) (PD-L1-PD-1) immune checkpoint pathway. Here, we demonstrate that PDT-mediated cancer immunotherapy can be augmented by PD-L1 knockdown (KD) in tumor cells. We rationally designed a versatile micelleplex by integrating an acid-activatable cationic micelle, photosensitizer (PS), and small interfering RNA (siRNA). The micelleplex was inert at physiological pH conditions and activated only upon internalization in the acidic endocytic vesicles of tumor cells for fluorescence imaging and PDT. Compared to PDT alone, the combination of PDT and PD-L1 KD showed significantly enhanced efficacy for inhibiting tumor growth and distant metastasis in a B16-F10 melanoma xenograft tumor model. These results suggest that acid-activatable micelleplexes utilizing PDT-induced cancer immunotherapy are more effective when combined with siRNA-mediated PD-L1 blockade. This study could provide a general strategy for enhancing the therapy efficacy of photodynamic cancer therapy. FAU - Wang, Dangge AU - Wang D AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China. FAU - Wang, Tingting AU - Wang T AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China. FAU - Liu, Jianping AU - Liu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Yu, Haijun AU - Yu H AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Jiao, Shi AU - Jiao S AD - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031, China. FAU - Feng, Bing AU - Feng B AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. AD - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China. FAU - Zhou, Fangyuan AU - Zhou F AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Fu, Yuanlei AU - Fu Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Yin, Qi AU - Yin Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Zhang, Pengcheng AU - Zhang P AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Zhang, Zhiwen AU - Zhang Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. FAU - Zhou, Zhaocai AU - Zhou Z AD - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031, China. FAU - Li, Yaping AU - Li Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20160817 PL - United States TA - Nano Lett JT - Nano letters JID - 101088070 RN - 0 (Photosensitizing Agents) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - *Immunotherapy MH - Melanoma, Experimental/*drug therapy MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Photochemotherapy MH - Photosensitizing Agents MH - Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor MH - T-Lymphocytes MH - Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays OTO - NOTNLM OT - Micelleplexes OT - RNA interference OT - acid-activatable OT - cancer immunotherapy OT - photodynamic therapy EDAT- 2016/08/16 06:00 MHDA- 2018/10/03 06:00 CRDT- 2016/08/16 06:00 PHST- 2016/08/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/08/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2018/10/03 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01994 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nano Lett. 2016 Sep 14;16(9):5503-13. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01994. Epub 2016 Aug 17.