PMID- 27526771
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170606
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 1471-2334 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2334 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 1
DP  - 2016 Aug 15
TI  - Prevalence of nasal colonisation by methicillin-sensitive and 
      methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers and students 
      in Madagascar.
PG  - 420
LID - 10.1186/s12879-016-1733-6 [doi]
LID - 420
AB  - BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones pose a 
      significant threat to hospitalised patients because the bacteria can be 
      transmitted by asymptomatic carriers within healthcare facilities. To date, 
      nothing is known about the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA among healthcare 
      workers in Madagascar. The objective of our study was to examine the prevalence 
      and clonal epidemiology of nasal S. aureus and MRSA among healthcare workers and 
      non-medical University students in Antananarivo, Madagascar. METHODS: This cross 
      sectional study screened nasal swabs taken from students and healthcare workers 
      for S. aureus. Multiplex PCR was performed to identify S. aureus-specific (nuc), 
      MRSA-specific mecA and mecC genes, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (lukF-PV), 
      and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) specific genes in methicillin-sensitive 
      S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA isolates. Staphylococcus protein A gene (spa) typing 
      was performed for all confirmed MRSA isolates. The frequency distribution of 
      nasal S. aureus and MRSA of healthcare workers and non-medical students was 
      compared using Pearson's chi(2) test. RESULTS: Of 1548 nasal swabs tested, 171 
      (11 %) were positive for S. aureus; 20 (1.3 %) of these isolates were identified 
      as MRSA. S. aureus was detected in 91 of 863 healthcare workers (10.4 %) and in 
      80 (11.8 %) of 685 students; however, 14 (1.5 %) healthcare workers carried MRSA 
      compared with six (0.9 %) students. Nasal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA was more 
      prevalent in women than in men, and 21 (11.7 %) S. aureus isolates were 
      PVL-positive and 36 (21 %) were TSST-1 positive. The mecC gene was not detected 
      in any isolates. Five different spa types were identified, with spa type t186 
      being the predominant MRSA clone (16/20). CONCLUSION: The results of the present 
      study reveal a low frequency of S. aureus and MRSA nasal carriage in both 
      students and healthcare workers from Antananarivo, Madagascar. The predominant 
      MRSA clone (t186) was previously described in hospitalised patients in 
      Madagascar.
FAU - Hogan, Benedikt
AU  - Hogan B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0853-4755
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany. 
      hogan@bni-hamburg.de.
FAU - Rakotozandrindrainy, Raphael
AU  - Rakotozandrindrainy R
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, B.P. 
      175, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
FAU - Al-Emran, Hassan
AU  - Al-Emran H
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Dekker, Denise
AU  - Dekker D
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Hahn, Andreas
AU  - Hahn A
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Jaeger, Anna
AU  - Jaeger A
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Poppert, Sven
AU  - Poppert S
AD  - University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20251, Hamburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Frickmann, Hagen
AU  - Frickmann H
AD  - Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed 
      Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
AD  - Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Hospital of 
      Rostock, Schillingallee 70, D-18057, Rostock, Germany.
FAU - Hagen, Ralf Matthias
AU  - Hagen RM
AD  - Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed 
      Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Micheel, Volker
AU  - Micheel V
AD  - Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed 
      Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Crusius, Sabine
AU  - Crusius S
AD  - Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Hospital of 
      Rostock, Schillingallee 70, D-18057, Rostock, Germany.
FAU - Heriniaina, Jean Noel
AU  - Heriniaina JN
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, B.P. 
      175, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
FAU - Rakotondrainiarivelo, Jean Philibert
AU  - Rakotondrainiarivelo JP
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, B.P. 
      175, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
FAU - Razafindrabe, Tsiriniaina
AU  - Razafindrabe T
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, B.P. 
      175, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
FAU - May, Jurgen
AU  - May J
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
FAU - Schwarz, Norbert Georg
AU  - Schwarz NG
AD  - Research Group Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for 
      Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160815
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Infect Dis
JT  - BMC infectious diseases
JID - 100968551
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Toxins)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Enterotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Exotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Leukocidins)
RN  - 0 (Panton-Valentine leukocidin)
RN  - 0 (Superantigens)
RN  - 0 (enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Bacterial Toxins/genetics
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Enterotoxins/genetics
MH  - Exotoxins/genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Personnel
MH  - Humans
MH  - Leukocidins/genetics
MH  - Madagascar/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/*genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Nasal Cavity/microbiology
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Staphylococcal Infections/*diagnosis/epidemiology/microbiology
MH  - Staphylococcus aureus/*genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Students
MH  - Superantigens/genetics
PMC - PMC4986198
EDAT- 2016/08/17 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/07 06:00
PMCR- 2016/08/15
CRDT- 2016/08/17 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/08/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12879-016-1733-6 [pii]
AID - 1733 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12879-016-1733-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 15;16(1):420. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1733-6.