PMID- 27535646
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20191120
IS  - 2233-6079 (Print)
IS  - 2233-6087 (Electronic)
IS  - 2233-6079 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2016 Dec
TI  - Investigating Susceptibility to Diabetes Using Features of the Adipose Tissue in 
      Response to In Utero Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure.
PG  - 494-508
LID - 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.6.494 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: In recent times, there has been an increase in the incidence of type 
      2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) particularly in children. Adipocyte dysfunction 
      provide a critical link between obesity and insulin resistance resulting in 
      diabetes outcome. Further, environmental chemical exposure during early years of 
      life might be a significant contributing factor to the increase in the incidence 
      of T2DM. This study tests the idea that exposure to environmental contaminants 
      (2-aminoanthracene [2AA]) in utero will show effects in the adipose tissue (AT) 
      that signify T2DM vulnerability. 2AA is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found 
      in a variety of products. METHODS: To accomplish the study objective, pregnant 
      dams were fed various amounts of 2AA adulterated diets from gestation through 
      postnatal period. The neonates and older offspring were analyzed for 
      diabetic-like genes in the ATs and analysis of serum glucose. Furthermore, weight 
      monitoring, histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CD68 in AT, 
      adipocyte size determination and adiponectin amounts in serum were undertaken. 
      RESULTS: Up-regulation of adiponectin and interleukin-6 genes were noted in the 
      pups and older rats. Combination of intrauterine 2AA toxicity with moderate high 
      fat diet exhibited gene expression patterns similar to those of the neonates. 
      Elevated serum glucose levels were noted in treated groups. IHC of the AT 
      indicated no significant malformations; however, CD68+ cells were greater in the 
      animals treated to 2AA. Similarly, mean sizes of the adipocytes were larger in 
      treated and combined 2AA and moderate high fat animals. Adiponectin was reduced 
      in 2AA groups. CONCLUSION: From the preceding, it appears intrauterine 2AA 
      disturbance, when combined with excess fat accumulation will lead to greater risk 
      for the diabetic condition.
FAU - Gato, Worlanyo E
AU  - Gato WE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4781-8577
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA. 
      wgato@georgiasouthern.edu.
FAU - Hunter, Daniel A
AU  - Hunter DA
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
FAU - Whitby, Shamaya L
AU  - Whitby SL
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
FAU - Mays, Christopher A
AU  - Mays CA
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
FAU - Yau, Wilson
AU  - Yau W
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Athens, GA, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160812
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Diabetes Metab J
JT  - Diabetes & metabolism journal
JID - 101556588
CIN - Diabetes Metab J. 2016 Dec;40(6):509-510. PMID: 27990789
PMC - PMC5167714
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2-Anthramine
OT  - Adipocytes
OT  - Adiponectin
OT  - Diabetes
OT  - Gene expression
OT  - Interleukin-6
OT  - Serum glucose
COIS- No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
EDAT- 2016/08/19 06:00
MHDA- 2016/08/19 06:01
PMCR- 2016/12/01
CRDT- 2016/08/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/07/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/08/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 40.e26 [pii]
AID - 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.6.494 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab J. 2016 Dec;40(6):494-508. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.6.494. Epub 
      2016 Aug 12.