PMID- 27544002
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170608
LR  - 20170608
IS  - 1872-7573 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-8741 (Linking)
VI  - 197
DP  - 2017 Feb 2
TI  - Anti-inflammatory and associated analgesic activities of HPLC standardized 
      alcoholic extract of known ayurvedic plant Schleichera oleosa.
PG  - 257-265
LID - S0378-8741(16)30545-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.021 [doi]
AB  - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken. commonly known 
      as 'Koshamra' in Ayurveda is a tropical tree readily found in Asia and is used to 
      treat pain and rheumatism, as traditional medicine in different parts of India. 
      However, scientific evidences to justify these claims are lacking. Considering 
      the traditional use of S.oleosa and the lack of information about its 
      pharmacological properties, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic 
      effect of the alcoholic extract of S.oleosa (SE) against different animal models 
      in rodents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated 
      against carrageenan induced paw edema and TPA 
      (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) induced ear edema. To assess the mechanism 
      of anti-inflammatory action the extract was tested against different phlogistic 
      agents like histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and, prostaglandin E2. The analgesic 
      activity was assessed against formalin induced pain. RESULTS: The ethanolic 
      extract of S. oleosa bark, did not exhibited any signs of toxicity up to a dose 
      of 2000mg/kg. The extract significantly inhibited increase in paw edema and ear 
      edema. A percent reduction of 60.84% was found against carrageenan induced paw 
      edema by 400mg/kg dose of SE. The extract was effective against edema induced by 
      serotonin, histamine and PGE(2). In formalin test the extract inhibited both the 
      neurogenic 1st and mainly the inflammatory 2nd phase. Significant reduction in 
      tissue levels of inflammatory mediators was also observed (p<0.05 for NO and 
      p<0.01 for MDA). The extract showed presence of potent analgesic and 
      anti-inflammatory compounds lupeol, lupeol acetate, betulin and betulinic acid on 
      HPLC analysis which can be held responsible for its studied biological activity. 
      CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that SE is effective in inflammatory processes 
      and targets multiple mediators of inflammation. Its action is markedly influenced 
      by the inhibition of neutrophil migration, anti-oxidant action and reduction in 
      inflamed tissue.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Khan, Mohammed Junaid
AU  - Khan MJ
AD  - Department of Pharmacy, University Teaching Department, Sarguja University, 
      497001 Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India.
FAU - Saraf, Swarnlata
AU  - Saraf S
AD  - University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010 
      Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
FAU - Saraf, Shailendra
AU  - Saraf S
AD  - University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010 
      Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. Electronic address: drshailendrasaraf1010@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160818
PL  - Ireland
TA  - J Ethnopharmacol
JT  - Journal of ethnopharmacology
JID - 7903310
RN  - 0 (Analgesics)
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analgesics/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Edema/drug therapy
MH  - Female
MH  - Inflammation/drug therapy
MH  - Male
MH  - Medicine, Ayurvedic
MH  - Mice
MH  - Pain/drug therapy
MH  - Phytotherapy/methods
MH  - Plant Extracts/*chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Sapindaceae/*chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Analgesic
OT  - Anti-inflammatory mechanism
OT  - Betulin
OT  - Histamine
OT  - Lupeol
OT  - Prostaglandin
OT  - Schleichera oleosa
EDAT- 2016/08/22 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/09 06:00
CRDT- 2016/08/22 06:00
PHST- 2016/01/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/08/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/08/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0378-8741(16)30545-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.021 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Feb 2;197:257-265. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.021. Epub 
      2016 Aug 18.