PMID- 27575889
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171011
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1099-0496 (Electronic)
IS  - 1099-0496 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Feb
TI  - Seven-day cumulative effects of air pollutants increase respiratory ER visits up 
      to threefold.
PG  - 205-212
LID - 10.1002/ppul.23555 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Children are especially vulnerable to respiratory injury induced by 
      exposure to air pollutants. In the present study, we investigate periods of up to 
      7 days, and evaluate the lagged effects of exposure to air pollutants on the 
      daily number of children and adolescents visiting the emergency room (ER) for the 
      treatment of lower respiratory obstructive diseases (LROD), in the city of Sao 
      Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Daily records of LROD-related ER visits by children and 
      adolescents under the age of 19, from January 2000 to December 2007 (2,922 days) 
      were included in the study. Time-series regression models (generalized linear 
      Poisson) were used to control for short- and long-term trends, as well as for 
      temperature and relative humidity. Third-degree polynomial lag models were used 
      to estimate both lag structures and the cumulative effects of air pollutants. 
      Effects of air pollutants were expressed as the percentage increase in 
      LROD-related ER visits. RESULTS: We observed an acute effect at the same day of 
      exposure to air pollutants; however, the cumulative effects of air pollutants on 
      the number of LROD-related ER visits was almost threefold greater than the one 
      observed at the same day of exposure to PM(10) , SO(2) , and NO(2) mainly in 
      children aged 5 years and under. The 7-day cumulative effect of SO(2) reached 
      11.0% (95% CI: 5.0-16.7) increase in visits. Conclusion and Relevance: This study 
      highlights the effects of intermediate-term exposure to air pollutants on LROD in 
      children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:205-212. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CI  - (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Schvartsman, Claudio
AU  - Schvartsman C
AD  - Emergency Department, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade 
      de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Pereira, Luiz Alberto Amador
AU  - Pereira LA
AD  - Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, 
      Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment Group, Collective Health 
      Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Catolica de Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Braga, Alfesio Luiz Ferreira
AU  - Braga AL
AD  - Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, 
      Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - Environmental Exposure and Risk Assessment Group, Collective Health 
      Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Catolica de Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima
AU  - Farhat SC
AD  - Emergency Department, Children's Institute, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade 
      de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - Environmental Epidemiology Study Group, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, 
      Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160829
PL  - United States
TA  - Pediatr Pulmonol
JT  - Pediatric pulmonology
JID - 8510590
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Air Pollution/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Asthma/*epidemiology
MH  - Brazil/epidemiology
MH  - Bronchiolitis/*epidemiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Emergency Service, Hospital/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Humidity
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Lung Diseases/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Statistical
MH  - *Temperature
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ER visit
OT  - air pollutants
OT  - children
OT  - cumulative effect
OT  - lower respiratory obstructive diseases
EDAT- 2016/08/31 06:00
MHDA- 2017/10/12 06:00
CRDT- 2016/08/31 06:00
PHST- 2016/03/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/08/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/08/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/08/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/10/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/31 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/ppul.23555 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017 Feb;52(2):205-212. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23555. Epub 2016 Aug 
      29.