PMID- 27595701
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170209
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1873-2976 (Electronic)
IS  - 0960-8524 (Linking)
VI  - 220
DP  - 2016 Nov
TI  - Techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of an attached growth algal 
      biorefinery.
PG  - 360-368
LID - S0960-8524(16)31219-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.091 [doi]
AB  - This study examined the sustainability of generating renewable diesel via 
      hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass from a rotating algal biofilm reactor. 
      Pilot-scale growth studies and laboratory-scale HTL experiments were used to 
      validate an engineering system model. The engineering system model served as the 
      foundation to evaluate the economic feasibility and environmental impact of the 
      system at full scale. Techno-economic results indicate that biomass feedstock 
      costs dominated the minimum fuel selling price (MFSP), with a base case of 
      $104.31per gallon. Life-cycle assessment results show a base-case global warming 
      potential (GWP) of 80gCO2-eMJ(-1) and net energy ratio (NER) of 1.65 based on a 
      well-to-product system boundary. Optimization of the system reduces MFSP, GWP and 
      NER to $11.90Gal(-1), -44gCO2-eMJ(-1), and 0.33, respectively. The systems-level 
      impacts of integrating algae cultivation with wastewater treatment were found to 
      significantly reduce environmental impact. Sensitivity analysis showed that algal 
      productivity most significantly affected fuel selling price, emphasizing the 
      importance of optimizing biomass productivity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Barlow, Jay
AU  - Barlow J
AD  - Biological Engineering, 4130 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 
      84322, USA.
FAU - Sims, Ronald C
AU  - Sims RC
AD  - Biological Engineering, 4130 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT 
      84322, USA.
FAU - Quinn, Jason C
AU  - Quinn JC
AD  - Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, 4130 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-4130, 
      USA. Electronic address: jason.quinn@colostate.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20160826
PL  - England
TA  - Bioresour Technol
JT  - Bioresource technology
JID - 9889523
RN  - 0 (Biofuels)
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biofilms/growth & development
MH  - *Biofuels
MH  - Biomass
MH  - *Bioreactors
MH  - Biotechnology/economics
MH  - Costs and Cost Analysis
MH  - Models, Theoretical
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Wastewater/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Algal biofilm
OT  - Greenhouse gas emissions
OT  - Hydrothermal liquefaction
OT  - Net energy ratio
OT  - Renewable fuel
OT  - Sustainability
OT  - Wastewater treatment
EDAT- 2016/09/07 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/10 06:00
CRDT- 2016/09/07 06:00
PHST- 2016/07/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/08/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/08/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/09/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/09/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0960-8524(16)31219-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.091 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Bioresour Technol. 2016 Nov;220:360-368. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.091. 
      Epub 2016 Aug 26.