PMID- 27628572 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171211 LR - 20220409 IS - 2047-9980 (Electronic) IS - 2047-9980 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 9 DP - 2016 Sep 14 TI - Quantifying the Association Between Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. LID - 10.1161/JAHA.115.002495 [doi] LID - e002495 AB - BACKGROUND: The relationships between physical activity (PA) and both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have predominantly been estimated using categorical measures of PA, masking the shape of the dose-response relationship. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, for the very first time we are able to derive a single continuous PA metric to compare the association between PA and CVD/T2DM, both before and after adjustment for a measure of body weight. METHODS AND RESULTS: The search was applied to MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases for all studies published from January 1981 to March 2014. A total of 36 studies (3 439 874 participants and 179 393 events, during an average follow-up period of 12.3 years) were included in the analysis (33 pertaining to CVD and 3 to T2DM). An increase from being inactive to achieving recommended PA levels (150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week) was associated with lower risk of CVD mortality by 23%, CVD incidence by 17%, and T2DM incidence by 26% (relative risk [RR], 0.77 [0.71-0.84]), (RR, 0.83 [0.77-0.89]), and (RR, 0.74 [0.72-0.77]), respectively, after adjustment for body weight. CONCLUSIONS: By using a single continuous metric for PA levels, we were able to make a comparison of the effect of PA on CVD incidence and mortality including myocardial infarct (MI), stroke, and heart failure, as well as T2DM. Effect sizes were generally similar for CVD and T2DM, and suggested that the greatest gain in health is associated with moving from inactivity to small amounts of PA. CI - (c) 2016 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell. FAU - Wahid, Ahad AU - Wahid A AD - John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford & University of Oxford Clinical Academic Graduate School (OUCAGS), Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Manek, Nishma AU - Manek N AD - Watford General Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Nichols, Melanie AU - Nichols M AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom WHO Collaborating Center for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia. FAU - Kelly, Paul AU - Kelly P AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences Department (SPEHS), University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. FAU - Foster, Charlie AU - Foster C AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Webster, Premila AU - Webster P AD - Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Kaur, Asha AU - Kaur A AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Friedemann Smith, Claire AU - Friedemann Smith C AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Wilkins, Elizabeth AU - Wilkins E AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Rayner, Mike AU - Rayner M AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Roberts, Nia AU - Roberts N AD - Bodleian Health Care Libraries, Knowledge Center, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. FAU - Scarborough, Peter AU - Scarborough P AD - The British Heart Foundation Center on Population Approaches for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom peter.scarborough@dph.ox.ac.uk. LA - eng GR - 021/P&C/CORE/2010/HPRG/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Meta-Analysis PT - Review PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20160914 PL - England TA - J Am Heart Assoc JT - Journal of the American Heart Association JID - 101580524 SB - IM MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/mortality/*prevention & control MH - Diabetic Angiopathies/mortality/*prevention & control MH - Exercise/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC5079002 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cardiovascular diseases OT - meta-analysis OT - physical activity OT - systematic review EDAT- 2016/09/16 06:00 MHDA- 2017/12/12 06:00 PMCR- 2016/09/01 CRDT- 2016/09/16 06:00 PHST- 2016/09/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2016/09/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/12/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JAHA.115.002495 [pii] AID - JAH31590 [pii] AID - 10.1161/JAHA.115.002495 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Sep 14;5(9):e002495. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002495.