PMID- 27657526
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170310
LR  - 20220318
IS  - 1539-6304 (Electronic)
IS  - 1088-5412 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 5
DP  - 2016 Sep
TI  - Anxiety and depression in adults with primary immunodeficiency: How much do these 
      patients experience and how much do they attribute to their primary 
      immunodeficiency?
PG  - 409-15
LID - 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3977 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is a rare group of disorders that 
      manifest similarly with infection, neoplasms, allergic, and autoimmune diseases, 
      and are treated with injectable medications. Often the burden of disease and cost 
      of management is excessive, and premature death is not uncommon. In light of 
      these features of PID, it was our objective to survey our cohort to assess for 
      factors that can influence depression and anxiety. METHODS: We used an 
      investigator-developed survey, in addition to the Hamilton Depression Rating 
      Scale (HAM-D) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, after institutional review 
      board approval of our pilot study, to determine the extent of anxiety and 
      depression that our patients with PID experienced and variables that may have 
      affected the difference of expression. The differences among groups were tested 
      by using Wilcoxon rank sum tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and chi-square tests. 
      RESULTS: The patients with PID had similar depression compared with the U.S. 
      population, as assessed by the HAM-D scale. Risk factors associated with elevated 
      HAM-D scores included the following: not driving, intravenous immunoglobulin 
      therapy (versus subcutaneous), nurse-administered therapy (versus 
      self-administered), having unpleasant adverse effects from therapy, previously 
      attempted suicide, and family members with reported anxiety and/or depression. 
      Anxiety was not significantly increased in our cohort. Risk factors for 
      significantly elevated Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores included the 
      following: having poor health, an unhealthy diet, lack of refreshing sleep, and 
      family members with reported anxiety and/or depression. CONCLUSION: Many factors 
      influence depression and anxiety, and may add to the morbidity of PID. Patients 
      should be assessed for our identified factors for depression and anxiety. 
      Treatment or referrals should be initiated as it is hoped to improve our 
      patients' quality of life and outcomes.
FAU - Heath, Jacqueline
AU  - Heath J
AD  - Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
FAU - Lehman, Erik
AU  - Lehman E
FAU - Saunders, Erika F H
AU  - Saunders EF
FAU - Craig, Timothy
AU  - Craig T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Allergy Asthma Proc
JT  - Allergy and asthma proceedings
JID - 9603640
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - *Anxiety/diagnosis
MH  - *Depression/diagnosis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/diagnosis/*epidemiology/*psychology/therapy
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2016/09/24 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/11 06:00
CRDT- 2016/09/23 06:00
PHST- 2016/09/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/09/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3977 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Allergy Asthma Proc. 2016 Sep;37(5):409-15. doi: 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3977.