PMID- 27689683
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191002
LR  - 20191007
IS  - 1932-7005 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6254 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2018 Jan
TI  - Shock wave treatment after hindlimb ischaemia results in increased perfusion and 
      M2 macrophage presence.
PG  - e486-e494
LID - 10.1002/term.2317 [doi]
AB  - Shock wave therapy (SWT) has been shown to induce angiogenesis in ischaemic 
      muscle. However, the mechanism of action remains unknown. Macrophages are crucial 
      for angiogenic responses after ischaemic injury. The M2 macrophage subset enables 
      tissue repair and induces angiogenesis. It was hypothesized that the angiogenic 
      effects of SWT are at least partly caused by enhanced macrophage recruitment. 
      C57BL/6 mice were subjected to hind limb ischaemia with subsequent SWT or sham 
      treatment. Muscles were analysed via immunofluorescence staining, 
      reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Gene expression 
      and proteins involved in macrophage recruitment were analysed and tissue sections 
      were stained for macrophages, including subsets, capillaries and arterioles. 
      Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was performed to assess functional outcome. 
      Treated muscles showed increased expression of the pivotal macrophage recruiting 
      factor monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1). Higher levels of macrophage marker 
      CD14 were found. Increased numbers of macrophages after SWT could be confirmed by 
      immunofluorescence staining. The expression of the M2 polarization promoting 
      chemokine interleukin 13 was significantly elevated in the treatment group. 
      Elevated mRNA expression of the M2 scavenger receptor CD163 was found after SWT. 
      Immunofluorescence staining confirmed increased numbers of M2 macrophages after 
      treatment. It was found that SWT resulted in higher number of capillaries and 
      arterioles. Assessment of functional outcome revealed significantly improved limb 
      perfusion in treated animals. Shock wave therapy causes increased macrophage 
      recruitment and enhanced polarization towards reparative M2 macrophages in 
      ischaemic muscle resulting in angiogenesis and improved limb perfusion and 
      therefore represents a promising new treatment option for the treatment of 
      ischaemic heart disease. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FAU - Tepekoylu, Can
AU  - Tepekoylu C
AD  - University Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Lobenwein, Daniela
AU  - Lobenwein D
AD  - University Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Urbschat, Anja
AU  - Urbschat A
AD  - Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, Philipps-University Marburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Graber, Michael
AU  - Graber M
AD  - University Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Pechriggl, Elisabeth Judith
AU  - Pechriggl EJ
AD  - Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and 
      Embryology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Fritsch, Helga
AU  - Fritsch H
AD  - Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and 
      Embryology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Paulus, Patrick
AU  - Paulus P
AD  - Department of Anaesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Kepler 
      University Hospital Linz, Austria.
FAU - Grimm, Michael
AU  - Grimm M
AD  - University Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
FAU - Holfeld, Johannes
AU  - Holfeld J
AD  - University Hospital for Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20170322
PL  - England
TA  - J Tissue Eng Regen Med
JT  - Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
JID - 101308490
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Arterioles/pathology
MH  - Capillaries/pathology
MH  - Cell Count
MH  - Cell Polarity
MH  - *High-Energy Shock Waves
MH  - Hindlimb/*blood supply
MH  - Ischemia/pathology/*therapy
MH  - Macrophages/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Muscles/blood supply/pathology
MH  - *Perfusion
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - angiogenesis
OT  - ischaemic heart disease
OT  - macrophages
OT  - shock wave therapy
EDAT- 2016/10/01 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/08 06:00
CRDT- 2016/10/01 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/06/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/09/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/10/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/term.2317 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2018 Jan;12(1):e486-e494. doi: 10.1002/term.2317. Epub 
      2017 Mar 22.