PMID- 27690715
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170206
LR  - 20170206
IS  - 1941-9260 (Electronic)
IS  - 0032-5481 (Linking)
VI  - 129
IP  - 1
DP  - 2017 Jan
TI  - Economic and clinical burden of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting.
PG  - 111-117
LID - 10.1080/00325481.2017.1243004 [doi]
AB  - Opioids are the standard of care for treating moderate-to-severe pain; however, 
      their efficacy can be limited by adverse events (AEs), including nausea and 
      vomiting. Opioid-induced nausea and vomiting (OINV) is an inherent adverse effect 
      of opioid treatment, exerting effects centrally and peripherally. Opioid-related 
      AEs can impact treatment adherence and discontinuation, which can result in 
      inadequate pain management. OINV may persist long-term, negatively affecting 
      patient functional outcomes, physical and mental health, patient satisfaction, 
      and overall costs of treatment. Multiple factors may contribute to OINV, 
      including activation of opioid receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, 
      vestibular apparatus, and gastrointestinal tract. Prophylactic or early treatment 
      with antiemetics may be appropriate for patients who are at high risk for OINV.
FAU - Nicholson, Bruce D
AU  - Nicholson BD
AD  - a Division of Pain Medicine , Lehigh Valley Health Network , Allentown , PA , 
      USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20161011
PL  - England
TA  - Postgrad Med
JT  - Postgraduate medicine
JID - 0401147
RN  - 0 (Analgesics, Opioid)
RN  - 0 (Antiemetics)
SB  - IM
MH  - Analgesics, Opioid/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Antiemetics/therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nausea/*chemically induced/*drug therapy
MH  - Pain/*drug therapy
MH  - Vomiting/*chemically induced/*drug therapy
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adverse events
OT  - analgesics
OT  - nausea
OT  - opioids
OT  - pain management
OT  - pathophysiology
OT  - pharmacoeconomics
OT  - vomiting
EDAT- 2016/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2017/02/07 06:00
CRDT- 2016/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/02/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/00325481.2017.1243004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Postgrad Med. 2017 Jan;129(1):111-117. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1243004. Epub 
      2016 Oct 11.