PMID- 27748730 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20171127 LR - 20181113 IS - 1440-1711 (Electronic) IS - 0818-9641 (Linking) VI - 95 IP - 3 DP - 2017 Mar TI - Heterogeneity, functional specialization and differentiation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. PG - 244-251 LID - 10.1038/icb.2016.104 [doi] AB - Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that consist of functionally and phenotypically heterogeneous populations. Monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) are a DC subset that have been attracting increasing interest owing to their potent influence on adaptive immune function and their rapid accumulation upon an inflammatory stimulus. Although early studies on moDCs mainly addressed infection, their emergence and function in other settings such as autoimmunity and allogeneic organ transplantation are now being increasingly appreciated. In this review, the relationship between murine monocyte subsets and the moDCs that arise from them is discussed. Their role in initiating and modulating innate and adaptive immune responses in various pathophysiological scenarios is also explored, including how they may separate their labour from conventional DCs. How these findings might relate to their human counterparts is also discussed. Overall, monocytes and moDCs exhibit complex and heterogeneous behaviours that are critical in responses against microbial invasion, autoimmunity and allograft rejection. FAU - Chow, Kevin V AU - Chow KV AD - Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medical Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Sutherland, Robyn M AU - Sutherland RM AD - Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medical Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Zhan, Yifan AU - Zhan Y AD - Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medical Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Lew, Andrew M AU - Lew AM AD - Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Medical Biology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20161017 PL - United States TA - Immunol Cell Biol JT - Immunology and cell biology JID - 8706300 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Cell Differentiation MH - Dendritic Cells/*cytology MH - Disease MH - Humans MH - Immunity MH - Monocytes/*cytology EDAT- 2016/10/18 06:00 MHDA- 2017/11/29 06:00 CRDT- 2016/10/18 06:00 PHST- 2016/09/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2016/10/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2016/10/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2017/11/29 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/10/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - icb2016104 [pii] AID - 10.1038/icb.2016.104 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Immunol Cell Biol. 2017 Mar;95(3):244-251. doi: 10.1038/icb.2016.104. Epub 2016 Oct 17.