PMID- 27756959
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170607
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1998-3751 (Electronic)
IS  - 0253-7613 (Print)
IS  - 0253-7613 (Linking)
VI  - 48
IP  - 4
DP  - 2016 Jul-Aug
TI  - Methanolic extract of Anthocephalus cadamba induces apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites 
      carcinoma cells in experimental mice.
PG  - 445-449
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. (Family: Rubiaceae), a folk 
      medicine commonly known as "Kadam" in Bengali, has been used for the treatment of 
      tumor. The methanolic extract of A. cadamba (MEAC) showing antitumor activity on 
      Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells treated mice was already reported. This 
      study was designed to study the apoptosis-inducing property of MEAC and its 
      mechanism in EAC cells in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Apoptogenic morphology was 
      determined by fluorescent DNA-binding double staining method using dyes acridine 
      orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB). Comet assay was estimated to check the DNA 
      damage. Flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS]) was used to 
      detect the apoptotic rate quantitatively by double labeling techniques using 
      annexin V FITC/propidium iodide staining. Apoptotic protein expression was done 
      using Western blotting assay method. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Results are expressed 
      as mean +/- standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA 
      followed by Dunnett's post hoc test of GraphPad Prism software. *P < 0.05, **P < 
      0.01 and ***P < 0.001 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: 
      Apoptosis-inducing effect of MEAC on EAC cells was confirmed from AO/EB staining 
      and FACS analysis. MEAC treatment showed dose-dependent induction of DNA damage. 
      Apoptosis was induced by increasing the expression of multiple downstream factors 
      such as pro-apoptotic protein p53 and p21 in EAC. Bax was up-regulated and 
      anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was down-regulated resulting in decrease of the 
      Bcl-2/Bax ratio by MEAC treatment. CONCLUSION: Experimental results revealed that 
      MEAC induces apoptosis by modulating the expression of some pro-apoptotic and 
      anti-apoptotic proteins in EAC and thus exerts its anti-tumor activity.
FAU - Dolai, Narayan
AU  - Dolai N
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West 
      Bengal, India.
FAU - Islam, Aminul
AU  - Islam A
AD  - Research and Development Centre, Natreon Inc., Salt Lake City, Kolkata, West 
      Bengal, India.
FAU - Haldar, Pallab Kanti
AU  - Haldar PK
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West 
      Bengal, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - India
TA  - Indian J Pharmacol
JT  - Indian journal of pharmacology
JID - 7902477
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - Y4S76JWI15 (Methanol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification/*therapeutic 
      use/toxicity
MH  - Apoptosis/*drug effects
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/*drug therapy/pathology
MH  - Cell Culture Techniques
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Comet Assay
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Methanol/chemistry
MH  - Mice
MH  - Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/*therapeutic use/toxicity
MH  - Rubiaceae/*chemistry
MH  - Toxicity Tests, Acute
PMC - PMC4980936
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Kadamba
OT  - Western blots
OT  - comet assay
OT  - flow cytometry
EDAT- 2016/10/21 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/08 06:00
PMCR- 2016/07/01
CRDT- 2016/10/21 06:00
PHST- 2016/10/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - IJPharm-48-445 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/0253-7613.186190 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Indian J Pharmacol. 2016 Jul-Aug;48(4):445-449. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.186190.