PMID- 27807126
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20190802
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1469-994X (Electronic)
IS  - 1462-2203 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 2
DP  - 2018 Jan 5
TI  - Secondhand Smoke From Multiple Sources, Thirdhand Smoke and Respiratory Symptoms 
      in Hong Kong Adolescents.
PG  - 192-198
LID - 10.1093/ntr/ntw302 [doi]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Reports on involuntary tobacco smoke exposure in children have 
      focused mostly on secondhand smoke (SHS) from smoking inside the home. We studied 
      the separate and combined prevalence of SHS exposure from multiple sources and 
      thirdhand smoke (THS) and the associations with respiratory symptoms in Hong Kong 
      adolescents. METHODS: In 2010-2011, 61 810 Secondary 1 (US Grade 7) to seven 
      students reported their smoking status, respiratory symptoms, and exposure to 
      four sources of tobacco smoke in the past 7 days. Weighted prevalence of exposure 
      was calculated. Associations with respiratory symptoms were analyzed in 50 762 
      never smokers using logistic regression. RESULTS: Tobacco smoke exposure at home 
      was 23.2% considering SHS exposure from inside the home, but increased to 33.2% 
      including SHS from neighbors and 36.2% further including THS. Including SHS 
      outside home (55.3%), 63.3% of adolescents were exposed to SHS anywhere or THS at 
      home. In never smokers, SHS from each source and THS at home were linearly 
      associated with respiratory symptoms. Exposure to more sources yielded stronger 
      associations with respiratory symptoms (p for trend<.001). The adjusted odds 
      ratios (95% CI) were 1.04 (0.97-1.11), 1.12 (1.03-1.22), 1.40 (1.26-1.56) and 
      1.99 (1.74-2.28) for 1, 2, 3, and 4 sources, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although 
      Hong Kong's smoking prevalence is among the lowest in the developed world, over 
      60% of its adolescents were involuntarily exposed to tobacco smoke from one or 
      more sources with a linear association with respiratory symptoms in never 
      smokers. More stringent policies are needed to protect adolescents from tobacco 
      smoke. IMPLICATIONS: In a high-density urban setting, involuntary exposure to 
      tobacco smoke in adolescents can be much higher than the smoking prevalence of 
      the general population, especially if SHS exposure from multiple sources and THS 
      are also considered. Such exposures have important health implications as 
      demonstrated by their linear associations with respiratory symptoms. Tobacco 
      control measures effective in reducing smoking prevalence may have little effect 
      in reducing adolescent exposure to tobacco smoke, especially in the private home, 
      in which other public health strategies are urgently needed.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the 
      Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For 
      permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Leung, Lok Tung
AU  - Leung LT
AD  - School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
FAU - Ho, Sai Yin
AU  - Ho SY
AD  - School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
FAU - Wang, Man Ping
AU  - Wang MP
AD  - School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
FAU - Lam, Tai Hing
AU  - Lam TH
AD  - School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Nicotine Tob Res
JT  - Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on 
      Nicotine and Tobacco
JID - 9815751
RN  - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution)
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Female
MH  - Hong Kong/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Respiration Disorders/*epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Schools
MH  - Students/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*adverse effects/analysis
EDAT- 2016/11/04 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/03 06:00
CRDT- 2016/11/04 06:00
PHST- 2016/05/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/11/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/04 06:00 [entrez]
AID - ntw302 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/ntr/ntw302 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nicotine Tob Res. 2018 Jan 5;20(2):192-198. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntw302.