PMID- 27818904
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 2198-3844 (Print)
IS  - 2198-3844 (Electronic)
IS  - 2198-3844 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 7
DP  - 2016 Jul
TI  - Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles: Emerging Intelligent Light-Activated 
      Drug Delivery Systems.
PG  - 1500437
LID - 1500437
AB  - The development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) using near infrared (NIR) light 
      and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has generated intensive interest over the 
      past five years. These NIR-initiated DDSs not only offer a high degree of spatial 
      and temporal determination of therapeutic release but also provide precise 
      control over the released dosage. Furthermore, these nanoplatforms confer several 
      advantages over conventional light-based DDSs-NIR offers better tissue 
      penetration depth and a reduced risk of cellular photo-damage caused by exposure 
      to light at high-energy wavelengths (e.g., ultraviolet light, <400 nm). The 
      development of DDSs that can be activated by low intensity NIR illumination is 
      highly desirable to avoid exposing living tissues to excessive heat that can 
      limit the in vivo application of these DDSs. This encompasses research in three 
      directions: (i) enhancing the quantum yield of the UCNPs; (ii) incorporation of 
      photo-responsive materials with red-shifted absorptions into the UCNPs; and (iii) 
      tuning the UCNPs excitation wavelength. This review focuses on recent advances in 
      the development of NIR-initiated DDS, with emphasis on the use of 
      photo-responsive compounds and polymeric materials conjugated onto UCNPs. The 
      challenges that limit UCNPs clinical applications, alongside with the 
      aforementioned techniques that have emerged to overcome these limitations, are 
      highlighted.
FAU - Bagheri, Ali
AU  - Bagheri A
AD  - School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 
      Australia.
FAU - Arandiyan, Hamidreza
AU  - Arandiyan H
AD  - School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 
      Australia.
FAU - Boyer, Cyrille
AU  - Boyer C
AD  - Center for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Center for Nano 
      Medicine (ACN) School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 
      Australia.
FAU - Lim, May
AU  - Lim M
AD  - School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 
      Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20160315
PL  - Germany
TA  - Adv Sci (Weinh)
JT  - Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
JID - 101664569
PMC - PMC5069703
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - controllable drug delivery
OT  - near-infrared
OT  - photocleavage
OT  - photoswitching
OT  - upconversion nanoparticles
EDAT- 2016/11/08 06:00
MHDA- 2016/11/08 06:01
PMCR- 2016/03/15
CRDT- 2016/11/08 06:00
PHST- 2015/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/01/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/11/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/11/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/03/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ADVS120 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/advs.201500437 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Adv Sci (Weinh). 2016 Mar 15;3(7):1500437. doi: 10.1002/advs.201500437. 
      eCollection 2016 Jul.