PMID- 27822197
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1664-2295 (Print)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Linking)
VI  - 7
DP  - 2016
TI  - Biomechanical Responses of the Brain in Swine Subject to Free-Field Blasts.
PG  - 179
LID - 179
AB  - Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a signature wound of modern 
      warfare. The current incomplete understanding of its injury mechanism impedes the 
      development of strategies for effective protection of bTBI. Despite a 
      considerable amount of experimental animal studies focused on the evaluation of 
      brain neurotrauma caused by blast exposure, there is very limited knowledge on 
      the biomechanical responses of the gyrenecephalic brain subjected to primary 
      free-field blast waves imposed in vivo. This study aims to evaluate the external 
      and internal mechanical responses of the brain against different levels of blast 
      loading with Yucatan swine in free field. The incident overpressure (IOP) was 
      generated using 3.6 kg of C4 charge placed at three standoff distances from the 
      swine. Five swine were exposed to a total of 19 blasts. The three average peak 
      IOP pressure levels in this study were 148.8, 278.9, and 409.2 kPa as measured by 
      a pencil probe. The duration of the first positive wave was in the range of 
      2.1-3 ms. Pressure changes in the brain and head kinematics were recorded with 
      intracranial pressure (ICP) sensors, linear accelerometers, and angular rate 
      sensors. The corresponding average peak ICPs were in the range of 79-143, 
      210-281, and 311-414 kPa designated as low, medium, and high blast level, 
      respectively. Peak head linear accelerations were in the range of 120-412 g. A 
      positive correlation between IOP and its corresponding biomechanical responses of 
      the brain was also observed. These experimental data can be used to validate 
      computer models of bTBI.
FAU - Feng, Ke
AU  - Feng K
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Zhang, Liying
AU  - Zhang L
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Jin, Xin
AU  - Jin X
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Chen, Chaoyang
AU  - Chen C
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Kallakuri, Srinivasu
AU  - Kallakuri S
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Saif, Tal
AU  - Saif T
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - Cavanaugh, John
AU  - Cavanaugh J
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
FAU - King, Albert
AU  - King A
AD  - Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University , Detroit, MI , USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161024
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurol
JT  - Frontiers in neurology
JID - 101546899
PMC - PMC5075707
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - free-field blast
OT  - head kinematics
OT  - intracranial pressure
OT  - swine
OT  - traumatic brain injury
EDAT- 2016/11/09 06:00
MHDA- 2016/11/09 06:01
PMCR- 2016/10/24
CRDT- 2016/11/09 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/10/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/11/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/11/09 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2016/10/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fneur.2016.00179 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurol. 2016 Oct 24;7:179. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00179. eCollection 2016.