PMID- 27832727
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170308
LR  - 20170308
IS  - 1944-0057 (Electronic)
IS  - 1944-0057 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 4
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - Variability of residue concentrations of ciprofloxacin in honey from treated 
      hives.
PG  - 552-561
LID - 10.1080/19440049.2016.1259661 [doi]
AB  - Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were treated with a model veterinary drug compound 
      (ciprofloxacin) in a 3-year study (2012-14) to investigate the variability of 
      residue concentration in honey. Sucrose solution containing ciprofloxacin was 
      administered to 45 hives (1 g of ciprofloxacin per hive) at the beginning of the 
      honey flow in late May/mid-June 2012, 2013 and 2014. Buckfast honey bees (A. 
      mellifera - hybrid) were used in years 2012 and 2013. Carniolan honey bees (A. 
      mellifera carnica) were used instead of the Buckfast honey bees as a replacement 
      due to unforeseen circumstances in the final year of the study (2014). Honey was 
      collected over nine scheduled time points from May/June till late October each 
      year. Up to five hives were removed and their honey analysed per time point. 
      Honey samples were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 
      (LC-MS/MS) to determine ciprofloxacin concentration. Statistical assessment of 
      the data shows that the inter-hive variation of ciprofloxacin concentrations in 
      2012/13 is very different compared with that of 2014 with relative standard 
      deviations (RSDs) of 138% and 61%, respectively. The average ciprofloxacin 
      concentration for 2014 at the last time point was more than 10 times the 
      concentration compared with samples from 2012/13 at the same time point. The 
      difference between the 2012/13 data compared with the 2014 data is likely due to 
      the different type of honey bees used in this study (2012/13 Buckfast versus 2014 
      Carniolan). Uncertainty estimates for honey with high ciprofloxacin concentration 
      (upper 95th percentile) across all hives for 55-day withdrawal samples gave 
      residual standard errors (RSEs) of 22%, 20% and 11% for 2012, 2013 and 2014, 
      respectively. If the number of hives were to be reduced for future studies, RSEs 
      were estimated to be 52% (2012), 54% (2013) and 26% (2014) for one hive per time 
      point (nine total hives).
FAU - Chan, Danny
AU  - Chan D
AD  - a Fera Science Ltd, National Agri-Food Innovation Campus , York , UK.
FAU - Macarthur, Roy
AU  - Macarthur R
AD  - a Fera Science Ltd, National Agri-Food Innovation Campus , York , UK.
FAU - Fussell, Richard J
AU  - Fussell RJ
AD  - b Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton , York , UK.
FAU - Wilford, Jack
AU  - Wilford J
AD  - a Fera Science Ltd, National Agri-Food Innovation Campus , York , UK.
FAU - Budge, Giles
AU  - Budge G
AD  - a Fera Science Ltd, National Agri-Food Innovation Campus , York , UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161128
PL  - England
TA  - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
JT  - Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & 
      risk assessment
JID - 101485040
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
RN  - 0 (Veterinary Drugs)
RN  - 5E8K9I0O4U (Ciprofloxacin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Beekeeping
MH  - Bees/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid
MH  - Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Honey/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Veterinary Drugs/administration & dosage/*analysis/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ciprofloxacin
OT  - apiculture
OT  - honey
OT  - maximum residue limit
OT  - veterinary drug residues
EDAT- 2016/11/12 06:00
MHDA- 2017/03/09 06:00
CRDT- 2016/11/12 06:00
PHST- 2016/11/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/03/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/19440049.2016.1259661 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2017 
      Apr;34(4):552-561. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1259661. Epub 2016 Nov 28.