PMID- 27841975
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170626
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1759-9873 (Electronic)
IS  - 0964-5284 (Print)
IS  - 0964-5284 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 2
DP  - 2017 Apr
TI  - Effects of electroacupuncture and the retinoid X receptor (RXR) signalling 
      pathway on oligodendrocyte differentiation in the demyelinated spinal cord of 
      rats.
PG  - 122-132
LID - 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011134 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: In spinal cord demyelination, some oligodendrocyte precursor cells 
      (OPCs) remain in the demyelinated region but have a reduced capacity to 
      differentiate into oligodendrocytes. This study investigated whether 'Governor 
      Vessel' (GV) electroacupuncture (EA) would promote the differentiation of 
      endogenous OPCs into oligodendrocytes by activating the retinoid X receptor gamma 
      (RXR-gamma)-mediated signalling pathway. METHODS: Adult rats were microinjected with 
      ethidium bromide (EB) into the T10 spinal cord to establish a model of spinal 
      cord demyelination. EB-injected rats remained untreated (EB group, n=26) or 
      received EA treatment (EB+EA group, n=26). A control group (n=26) was also 
      included that underwent dural exposure without EB injection. After euthanasia at 
      7 days (n=5 per group), 15 days (n=8 per group) or 30 days (n=13 per group), 
      protein expression of RXR-gamma in the demyelinated spinal cord was evaluated by 
      immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, OPCs derived from rat 
      embryonic spinal cord were cultured in vitro, and exogenous 9-cis-RA (retinoic 
      acid) and RXR-gamma antagonist HX531 were administered to determine whether RA could 
      activate RXR-gamma and promote OPC differentiation. RESULTS: EA was found to increase 
      the numbers of both OPCs and oligodendrocytes expressing RXR-gamma and RALDH2, and 
      promote remyelination in the remyelinated spinal cord. Exogenous 9-cis-RA 
      enhanced the differentiation of OPCs into mature oligodendrocytes by activating 
      RXR-gamma. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that EA may activate RXR signalling to 
      promote the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes in spinal cord 
      demyelination.
CI  - Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not 
      already granted under a licence) please go to 
      http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.
FAU - Yang, Xiao-Hua
AU  - Yang XH
AD  - Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Ding, Ying
AU  - Ding Y
AD  - Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Li, Wen
AU  - Li W
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of 
      Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
FAU - Zhang, Rong-Yi
AU  - Zhang RY
AD  - Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Wu, Jin-Lang
AU  - Wu JL
AD  - Department of Electron Microscope, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Ling, Eng-Ang
AU  - Ling EA
AD  - Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of 
      Singapore, Singapore.
FAU - Wu, Wutian
AU  - Wu W
AD  - School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of 
      Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of 
      Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
AD  - Joint Laboratory of Jinan University and The University of Hong Kong, GHM 
      Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Zeng, Yuan-Shan
AU  - Zeng YS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3804-5792
AD  - Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), 
      Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
AD  - Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
AD  - Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu, China.
AD  - Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan 
      School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20161024
PL  - England
TA  - Acupunct Med
JT  - Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society
JID - 9304117
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Cell Differentiation
MH  - Demyelinating Diseases/metabolism/*therapy
MH  - *Electroacupuncture
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Oligodendroglia/*cytology/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors/*metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Spinal Cord/metabolism
PMC - PMC5466916
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2016/11/15 06:00
MHDA- 2017/06/27 06:00
PMCR- 2017/06/12
CRDT- 2016/11/15 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/06/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2017/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - acupmed-2016-011134 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011134 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acupunct Med. 2017 Apr;35(2):122-132. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011134. Epub 2016 
      Oct 24.