PMID- 27853258
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180517
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 6
DP  - 2016 Nov 17
TI  - Digital Detection of Exosomes by Interferometric Imaging.
PG  - 37246
LID - 10.1038/srep37246 [doi]
LID - 37246
AB  - Exosomes, which are membranous nanovesicles, are actively released by cells and 
      have been attributed to roles in cell-cell communication, cancer metastasis, and 
      early disease diagnostics. The small size (30-100 nm) along with low refractive 
      index contrast of exosomes makes direct characterization and phenotypical 
      classification very difficult. In this work we present a method based on Single 
      Particle Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor (SP-IRIS) that allows 
      multiplexed phenotyping and digital counting of various populations of individual 
      exosomes (>50 nm) captured on a microarray-based solid phase chip. We demonstrate 
      these characterization concepts using purified exosomes from a HEK 293 cell 
      culture. As a demonstration of clinical utility, we characterize exosomes 
      directly from human cerebrospinal fluid (hCSF). Our interferometric imaging 
      method could capture, from a very small hCSF volume (20 uL), nanoparticles that 
      have a size compatible with exosomes, using antibodies directed against 
      tetraspanins. With this unprecedented capability, we foresee revolutionary 
      implications in the clinical field with improvements in diagnosis and 
      stratification of patients affected by different disorders.
FAU - Daaboul, George G
AU  - Daaboul GG
AD  - Nexgen Arrays, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
FAU - Gagni, Paola
AU  - Gagni P
AD  - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento 
      Molecolare (ICRM), Milano, Italy.
FAU - Benussi, Luisa
AU  - Benussi L
AD  - Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio 
      Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Bettotti, Paolo
AU  - Bettotti P
AD  - Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Povo (TN) 
      Italy.
FAU - Ciani, Miriam
AU  - Ciani M
AD  - Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio 
      Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Cretich, Marina
AU  - Cretich M
AD  - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento 
      Molecolare (ICRM), Milano, Italy.
FAU - Freedman, David S
AU  - Freedman DS
AD  - Nexgen Arrays, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
FAU - Ghidoni, Roberta
AU  - Ghidoni R
AD  - Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio 
      Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
FAU - Ozkumur, Ayca Yalcin
AU  - Ozkumur AY
AD  - Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bahcesehir University, 
      Istanbul, Turkey.
FAU - Piotto, Chiara
AU  - Piotto C
AD  - Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Povo (TN) 
      Italy.
FAU - Prosperi, Davide
AU  - Prosperi D
AD  - Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Universita di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 
      Italy.
FAU - Santini, Benedetta
AU  - Santini B
AD  - Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Universita di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, 
      Italy.
FAU - Unlu, M Selim
AU  - Unlu MS
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, 
      Massachusetts 02215, USA.
FAU - Chiari, Marcella
AU  - Chiari M
AD  - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento 
      Molecolare (ICRM), Milano, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20161117
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
MH  - Cerebrospinal Fluid/*chemistry
MH  - Exosomes/*chemistry
MH  - HEK293 Cells
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interferometry/methods
MH  - Microarray Analysis/instrumentation/*methods
PMC - PMC5112555
COIS- The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): George G. 
      Daaboul is the chief scientific officer of Nexgenarrays LLC. David Freedman is 
      the chief executive officer of NexgenArrays LLC. All remaining contributing 
      authors declare no competing financial interests.
EDAT- 2016/11/18 06:00
MHDA- 2018/05/18 06:00
PMCR- 2016/11/17
CRDT- 2016/11/18 06:00
PHST- 2016/06/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/10/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2016/11/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2018/05/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - srep37246 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/srep37246 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 17;6:37246. doi: 10.1038/srep37246.