PMID- 27860132
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20171107
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1463-1326 (Electronic)
IS  - 1462-8902 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 3
DP  - 2017 Mar
TI  - Occurrence of nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea reported as adverse events in 
      clinical trials studying glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A systematic 
      analysis of published clinical trials.
PG  - 336-347
LID - 10.1111/dom.12824 [doi]
AB  - AIM: GLP-1 receptor agonists (RAs) may cause nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea. The 
      aim of this study was to assess the risk of adverse events (AEs) with GLP-1 RAs 
      and their relation to dose, background medication and duration of action. 
      RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The PubMed database was searched and 32 clinical 
      trials with GLP-1 RAs (phase 3) were selected. We performed a systematic analysis 
      and compared the proportion of patients reporting nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea, 
      for different doses and glucose-lowering background medications, and relative to 
      a reference compound within the subclasses of short- (exenatide b.i.d.) and 
      long-acting (liraglutide) GLP-1 RAs, calculating the relative risks +/- 95% 
      confidence intervals. RESULTS: The risk of nausea was dose-dependent for 
      long-acting (P = .0063) and across all GLP-1 RAs (P = .0017), and a similar trend 
      was observed for vomiting (P = .23). Diarrhoea was dose-dependent (P = .031). 
      Background treatment with metformin was associated with more nausea (P = .04) and 
      vomiting (P = .0009). Compared to exenatide b.i.d., there was less nausea and 
      diarrhoea with lixisenatide. Compared to liraglutide, there was a similar risk 
      associated with dulaglutide, and less with exenatide q.w. and albiglutide. 
      Long-acting GLP-1 RAs were associated with less nausea and vomiting, but with 
      more diarrhoea than short-acting agents. CONCLUSIONS: GLP-1 RAs are associated 
      with gastrointestinal AEs that are related to dose and background medications 
      (especially metformin) and may vary in a compound-specific manner. Long-acting 
      agents are associated with less nausea and vomiting but with more diarrhoea.
CI  - (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Bettge, Karolin
AU  - Bettge K
AD  - Division of Diabetology, Medical Department I, St. Josef Hospital, 
      Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
FAU - Kahle, Melanie
AU  - Kahle M
AD  - Division of Diabetology, Medical Department I, St. Josef Hospital, 
      Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
FAU - Abd El Aziz, Mirna S
AU  - Abd El Aziz MS
AD  - Division of Diabetology, Medical Department I, St. Josef Hospital, 
      Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
FAU - Meier, Juris J
AU  - Meier JJ
AD  - Division of Diabetology, Medical Department I, St. Josef Hospital, 
      Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
FAU - Nauck, Michael A
AU  - Nauck MA
AD  - Division of Diabetology, Medical Department I, St. Josef Hospital, 
      Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20161219
PL  - England
TA  - Diabetes Obes Metab
JT  - Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
JID - 100883645
RN  - 0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Venoms)
RN  - 839I73S42A (Liraglutide)
RN  - 9100L32L2N (Metformin)
RN  - 9P1872D4OL (Exenatide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Clinical Trials as Topic
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Diarrhea/*chemically induced
MH  - Drug Therapy, Combination
MH  - Exenatide
MH  - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor/*agonists
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*adverse effects
MH  - Liraglutide/*adverse effects
MH  - Metformin/therapeutic use
MH  - Nausea/*chemically induced
MH  - Peptides/*adverse effects
MH  - Venoms/*adverse effects
MH  - Vomiting/*chemically induced
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GLP-1 analogues
OT  - GLP-1 receptor agonists
OT  - gastrointestinal adverse events
OT  - incretin mimetics
OT  - side effects
EDAT- 2016/11/20 06:00
MHDA- 2017/11/08 06:00
CRDT- 2016/11/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/08/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2016/10/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2016/11/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2016/11/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/11/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/11/19 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/dom.12824 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Mar;19(3):336-347. doi: 10.1111/dom.12824. Epub 2016 
      Dec 19.